Ethics in the

Government
Service
 ETHICS
 THE MORAL
PRINCIPLES WHICH
DETERMINE THE
RIGHTNESS OR
WRONGNESS OF
PARTICULAR ACTS OR
ACTIVITIES.
 ETHICS
is the distinction we make
between Right and Wrong,
Good and Evil in relation to
actions, intentions or character.
ETHICS
IS DECIDING
WHAT IS
RIGHT AND
DOING IT
ETHICS is equated with:
Good Governance: It requires us to
decide what is good.
Public Service Ethics: Requires us to give
quality service to the public.
Standards, Rules, Morals - ETHICS is the
“science of human duty”.
ETHICS OF GOVERNANCE

Good Governance is characterized with:

Accountability
Transparency
Participation
Non-Discrimination
Responsiveness
Poverty Alleviation
ETHICS OF GOVERNANCE

Participation
Rule of Law
Transparency
Responsiveness
Consensus Orientation
Equity
Effectiveness and Efficiency
Accountability
ETHICAL BASES

RULES
RESULTS
RELATIONSHIPS
TRADITION
RULES AS AN ETHICAL BASIS

WE BELIEVE IN THEM

AS COMING BY DIVINE
REVELATION.
 WITH AUTHORITY OR
OF OUR COMMUNITY.
RESULTS AS AN ETHICAL BASIS
THE U T I L I TA R I A N PRINCIPLE
F O C U S E S O U R AT T E N T I O N O N
R E S U LT S O R T H E C O N S E Q U E N C E S
OF OUR ACTIONS. IT HAS BEEN
EXPRESSED T R A D I T I O N A L LY AS
“ S E E K I N G T H E G R E AT E S T G O O D
F O R T H E G R E AT E S T N U M B E R ”
RELATIONSHIPS AS AN ETHICAL BASIS
CO N F U C I U S ’ “G O L D E N R U L E ”
O F C A R I N G : “ D O N OT D O TO
OT H E RS W H AT YO U WO U L D
N OT H AV E T H E M D O TO YO U ”.
J ES U S C H R I ST ’ S E X P R ES S I O N
O F LOV E : “ I N E V E RY T H I N G , D O
TO OT H E RS A S YO U WO U L D
H AV E T H E M D O TO YO U ”.
TRADITION AS AN ETHICAL BASIS
TRADITIONAL ETHICS – THE
ETHICS OF EA R L I E R
G E N E R AT I O N S T H AT I S BA S E D
ON TRADITION. IT IS RIGHT
TO AC T I N C E RTA I N WAY
B EC AU S E T H AT I S W H AT I T
H A S A LWAYS B E E N D O N E .
RULES AS AN ETHICAL BASIS
Section 1, Article XI, 1987 Constitution – Public Office
is a Public Trust. Public Officials and employees
must at all times serve the people with utmost
responsibility, integrity, loyalty and efficiency, act
with patriotism and justice, and lead modest lives.”
Section 28, Article II, 1987 Constitution – The State
shall maintain honesty and integrity in the public
service and take positive and effective measures
against graft and corruption.
RULES AS AN ETHICAL BASIS

RA 3019
“Anti-Graft and Corrupt
Practices Act”
(Anti-Graft Law)
enacted in 1861
 Graft is defined as
“the acquisition of gain or advantage
by dishonest, unfair or sordid means,
especially through the use of one’s
position or influence in politics,
business, etc.”
Graft and corruption is an act or
omission involving breach of the rules
of decency, honesty and efficiency, for
the purpose of obtaining undue
advantage at the expense of the
government-owned resources. In our
legal system, graft and corruption is
basically a crime.
Corruption is “an act done with an
intent to give some advantage
inconsistent with official duty and the
rights of others. It includes bribery, but
it is more comprehensive, because an
act may be corruptly done through the
advantage to be delivered from it be not
offered by another.”
Corruption is the perversion or
destruction of integrity of fidelity in
discharging public duties and
responsibilities by bribery or favor. It
entails the use of public power for
private advantage in ways which
transgresses some formal rule of law.
RULES AS AN ETHICAL BASIS
RA 6713
“Code of Conduct and Ethical
Standards for Public Officials and
Employees”
signed into law by
then President Corazon C. Aquino
on February 20, 1989
RA 6713
Rule X. Grounds For Administrative
Disciplinary Action
Directly or indirectly having
financial and material
interest in any transaction
requiring the approval of
his office.
RA 6713

Owning, controlling, managing or

accepting employment as officer,
employee, consultant, counsel,
broker, agent, trustee, or nominee
in any private enterprise
regulated, supervised or licensed
by his office, unless expressly
allowed by law.
RA 6713
Engaging in the private
practice of his profession unless
authorized by the Constitution,
law or regulation, provided that
such practice will not conflict or
tend to conflict with his officials
functions.
RA 6713

Recommending any person

to any position in a private
enterprise which has a
regular or pending official
transaction with his office.
RA 6713
Soliciting or accepting, directly or
indirectly, any gift, gratuity, favor,
entertainment, loan or anything of
monetary value which in the course
of his official duties or in connection
with any operation being regulated
by, or any transaction which may be
affected by the function of his office.
RA 6713

Unfair discrimination in
rendering public service due
to party affiliation.
RA 6713
Disloyalty to the Republic of the
Philippines and to the Filipino
people.
Failure to act promptly on letters
and requests within 15 working
days from receipt, except as
otherwise provided in these
Rules.
RA 6713
Failure to attend to anyone who
wants to avail himself of the
services of the office or to act
promptly and expeditiously on
public personal transactions.
Failure to file sworn statements of
assets, liabilities and networth, and
disclosure of business interests and
financial connections.
RULES AS AN ETHICAL BASIS
RA 9485
“Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007”
signed into law by
Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
on June 02, 2007
 VIOLATIONS
Refusal to accept application and/or request
within the prescribed period or any
document being submitted by a client.
Failure to act on an application and/or
request or failure to refer back to the client
a request which cannot be acted upon due
to lack of requirement/s within the
prescribed period.
 VIOLATIONS
Failure to attend to clients who are within
the premises of the office or agency
concerned prior to the end of official
working hours and during lunch break.
Failure to render frontline services within
the prescribed period on any application
and/or request without due cause.
VIOLATIONS

Failure to give the client a written notice

on the disapproval of an application or
requests.
Imposition of additional irrelevant
requirements other listed in the first
notice.
VIOLATIONS
Grave Offense
Fixing and/or collusion with fixers in
consideration of economic and/or
other gain or advantage.

Rule X. Grounds For Administrative

Disciplinary Action
 Directly or indirectly having financial and material
interest in any transaction requiring the approval
of his office.
RED TAPE
Inaction/No Action
Slow Action
Inappropriate/Wrong
Action
Inadequate/Insufficient
Action
RED TAPE
Services that are:
Not delivered
Mis delivered
Under delivered
Poorly delivered
UNLAWFUL ACTS

RA 3019
Graft and Corruption
Malversation
RA 6713
Pecuniary interest
Conflict of interest
Nepotism
 OFFENSES NATURE OF OFFENSE JURISDICTION

 Sandiganbayan
 Criminal
 Graft and Corruption  PAGC
 Administrative
 Ombudsman

 Dishonesty
 Ombudsman
 Falsification of Documents
 Civil Service
 Misconduct  Administrative
Commission
 Conduct Prejudicial to the
 Concerned
Best Interest of the Service
Agency

 Ombudsman
 Violations of the
 Administrative  Civil Service
Code of Conduct
Commission

 Violations of the  Ombudsman

 Criminal
Anti-Red Tape Act  Civil Service
 Administrative
Commission
Not all things that are
Legal are Moral !

UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR is
not necessarily illegal but
nevertheless is contrary to
what is RIGHT and doing
WHAT IS NOT RIGHT
 Unethical Behavior

•Yields Adverse Results

•Violates the Norms of
Relationships and Traditions

•Disservice to the Government

and the People
•Bad Image of the Government
DI BAWAL,
PERO DI DAPAT !
DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT

PADRINO SYSTEM
DI BAWAL , PERO DI DAPAT

KAMAG-ANAK SYSTEM
DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT

WASTAGE OF
OFFICE SUPPLIES
AND EQUIPMENT
DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT

ENGAGING IN
GROUP DISCUSSION
WHILE CLIENTS ARE
KEPT WAITING
DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT

Telebabad
DI BAWAL , PERO DI DAPAT

Too Much Texting

During Office Hours
DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT

READING
NEWSPAPER
DURING
OFFICE
HOURS
DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT

 LOAFING
DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT

IMPROPER
OR
INAPPROPRI
ATE ATTIRE
DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT

CLOCK-
WATCHIN
G
DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT

EXTENDED
BREAK
DI BAWAL, PERO DI DAPAT
GOING OUT
OF THE
OFFICE
WITHOUT
PERMISSION
Violations/Offenses Result/Effect Outcome

Graft and  Wide gap between rich and poor

Corruption  People’s needs are denied
 Loss of Peoples’ Trust
 Bad Image of the Government DE
Dishonesty HU
Falsification of Documents
Misconduct MA
Conduct Prejudicial to the
Best Interest of the Service
NI
 Disservice to the ZING
Violations of the Government and the People
Code of Conduct  Loss of Peoples’ Trust
 Bad Image of the Government SI
Violations of the TUA
Anti-Red Tape Act
TIONS
Unethical
Behavior
 Structures Dehumanizing Situations

 Wealth w/out work

 Economic
 Commerce w/out morality
 Leisure w/out conscience

 Political  Politics w/out principle

 Knowledge w/out character

 Socio-  Science w/out humanity

 Worship w/out sacrifice
Cultural  Culture w/out spirit
 Dehumanizing Situations

 Rob a person of his/her dignity.

 Diminish his/her worth as a person.
 Destroy his/her total being.
 It’s the CHOICES that
make us who we are. And
we can always choose to
do what’s right.
- Peter Parker
“Spiderman 3”
 Every officials of the government, even
the most modest, has a job to perform
and is as much in duty bound to perform
that job well as those occupying higher
positions. In our effort to give the people
the best government that there is, we
have to have everybody do his job,
including the Clerk, the policeman –
everybody in the service. Everyone of
them should do his best because a
government cannot be a government of
higher officials only.
Pres. Manuel L. Quezon