THE WESTERN ART HISTORY GROUP 3 REPORTS

PREHISTORIC ARTS
Arts is an approach of a human being to communicate his/her
beliefs and express ideas about experiences. Its helps us to
understand how others have lived and what they valued.

Arts is a product of man's emotional and intellectual connection

to the world. It aimed to produce a message which will either
provoke an unexplainable consciousness within the hearts of its
viewers or incite wisdom among inquisitive minds.

The history of arts remnant civilization, the study of artworks

and the lives of artists illuminate much about our shared past
STONE TOOLS FOR ART MAKING

Stone is formed based on the composition of menirals on it.

The tools made of stone were the instruments by which early
man developed and progressed. All human culture founded on
the ingenuity and brainpower of our early ancestors in
creating sophisticated tools that enable them to survive.
1. PABBLE TOOLS - The first cutting device and considered as the
oldest type of tool made by humans. The tool contains a rounded stone
struck some blows with a similar stone used as a pounder, which
created a serrated crest that served as a chopping blade.
2. BIFACIAL TOOLS - It is a
hand ax tool flake with two
faces or sides. These tools may
be oval, triangular, or almond-
shaped in form and
characterized by axial
symmetry. The cutting edge could
be straight or jagged and is
used as a knife, pick, scraper, or
weapon.
3. FLAKE TOOLS - These are hand tools
used during Stone Age. They usually formed
by crushing off a small or large fragment
then used as the tool. Both cores and flakes
could be as stone tools. New Flakes were
very sharp, but quickly became blunt during
use and had to be sharpened again by
further flaking, a process called "retouch."
4. BLADE TOOLS - These are stone
tool created by striking a long
narrow flake from a stone core. This
procedure of cutting the stone and
creating the blades is called lithic
reduction. After chipping the blades,
they integrated into larger tools, such
as spears.
 MEDIEVAL ARTS IN EUROPE
Medieval art in Europe grew out of the artistic culture of Roman
Empire and the iconographic practices in the church of the early
Christian (Oliquiano,2012).
These sources were mixed with the influential "barbarian" artistic
culture of Northern Europe to make an extraordinary creative
legacy.
1. ILLUMINATED MANUSCRIPTS (ILLUMINATION) - They were colorful
religious texts which often use of gold and silver as its main feature.
The term illuminated is the Latin word "illuminated" which means to
adorn or to enlighten. The artist who produced the impressive artwork
on illuminated manuscripts was called Illuminatores.
2. METAL WORK - Metalworkers were very skilled in
creating religious objects for church decorations.
Experts in Bronze art produced beautiful jewels,
sculptures, and even church doors.
3.Silversmith and Goldsmith - They
were excellent artist eho created
new shapes of jewelry. The Medieval
church demanded to employ
silversmith and goldsmith in the
church to produce religious items with
precious materials that are worthy of
the divine, service.
4. Mosiacs - It is the art of
crafting figures with small
pieces of colored glass, stone
ot other materials. The early
Christians used ceiling and
wall mosiacs in their churches
and cathedrals.
5. PAINTINGS - Artist who were skillful in Iconography uses
Fresco and panel painting with a religious theme during
the medieval period. Fresco is performed mostly on wall
covers or ceilings. Likewise, Panels is a painting which
showed on several pieces of wood that joined together.
6. BAYUEX TAPESTRY -It is embroidery in colored wool. It consists of
eight long strips of unbleached linen, sewn together to form a continous
panel of 230 ft. long and 20 incs. high
7. CERAMICS - They were hand shaped cooking pots,
jars, and pitchers.
8. Stained Glass - It is usually
applied exclusively to the
windows of medieval churches,
castles, and cathedrals. It creates
the primary form of art where
small pieces of glass are
arranged to form pictures or
patterns which are held together
by strips of lead and supported
by a hard frame.
9. Heraldry - It is a manner
of designing coats of arms
and insignia. Spicemens of
coats of arms were worked
using embroidery, paper,
painted wood, stonework
and stained glass
FAMOUS ARTIST IN WESTERN EUROPE
1. Donatello - known as Donato di
Niccolo di Bretto Bardi. He was born in
1386 in Italy. He learned the fabrication of
metals and other substances which know as
metallurgy. He also invented a technique
knownas schiacciato (shallow relief), which
achieved effects of spatial depth.
His famous work of art is: David, Mary
magdalene, Madonna, Salome, Zuccone
and St. Mark.
he was born in Vespignano
village, Florence year 1266.
He worked with others artist
for the Cathedral of San
Francesco in Assisi and began
painting a fresco cycle there
with scenes from the Old and
New Testamens. In 1300, he
was invited by Pope Benedict
XI in Rome to point a mosiac
over the entrance to St. Peter's
Basilica. He died on January
8, 1337, in Florence.
He was born in Genoa on February
14, 1402 in Italy. As an artist he was
hired by Pope Nicholas V in the
renovation of the papal palace and of
the Roman Bridge of Acqua Vergine.
He devoted all his time
wrapping his paper and his
books with photographs of
horses, houses, people, and other
various things he dreamt up. He
made mosiacs as well as
paintings which include the
frescoes of New Testament
scenes in the upper church of St.
Francis of Assisi.
He was a sculptor and goldsmith in
one of the Florentine workshops. He
was born in 1377 in Florence, Italy
and he was the son of Brunellesco Di
Lippoo, an Lawyer and his mother
was Giuliana Spini.
(also know as Beato Angelico, means
BLESSED ANGELIC ONE) He was born in
1395 in Florence, Italy. As a painter his
famous works of art include the Annuciation,
The Madonna and Saints and the
Transfiguration of Christ paintings.
He was admitted to the Gold Guild
and started his apprenticeship as a
goldsmith in 1392. He started work
on the East Doors of the Baptistery
of San Giovanni.