Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Wong CA: The influence of analgesia on labor: is it related to pri- mary cesarean rates? Semin Perinatol 36:353-356, 2012.
Wang F, Shen X, Guo X, et al: Epidural analgesia in the latent phase of labor and the risk of cesarean delivery: a five-year randomized controlled trial, Anesthesiology 111:871-880,
2009.
Comparative Obstetric Mobile Epidural Trial (COMET) Study Group U.K.: Effect of low-dose mobile versus traditional epidural tech- niques on mode of delivery: a randomised controlled
trial, Lancet 358:19-23, 2001.
Halpern SH, Leighton BL: Epidural analgesia and the progress of labor. In Halpern SH, Douglas MJ, editors: Evidence-based obstetric anesthesia, Malden, Mass, 2005, BMJ Books,
Blackwell, pp 10-22.
Sharma SK, McIntire DD, Wiley J, et al: Labor analgesia and cesar- ean delivery: an individual patient meta-analysis of nulliparous women, Anesthesiology 100:142-148, 2004,
discussion 6A.
Gillesby E, Burns S, Dempsey A, et al: Comparison of delayed versus immediate pushing during second stage of labor for nulliparous women with epidural anesthesia, J Obstet Gynecol
Neonatal Nurs 39:635-644, 2010.
Cho SH, Lee H, Ernst E: Acupuncture for pain relief in labour: a systematic review and meta-analysis, BJOG 117:907-920, 2010.
Chang MY, Wang SY, Chen CH: Effects of massage on pain and anxiety during labour: a randomized controlled trial in Taiwan, J Adv Nurs 38:68-73, 2002.
Olofsson C, Irestedt L: Traditional analgesic agents: are parenteral narcotics passe and do inhalational agents still have a place in labour? Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 12:409-421,
1998.
Rayburn W, Rathke A, Leushcen P, et al: Fentanyl citrate analgesia during labor, Am J Obstet Gynecol 161:202-206, 1989.
Leong WL, Sng BL, Sia AT: A comparison between remifentanil and meperidine for labor analgesia: a systematic review, Anesth Analg 113:818-825, 2011.
Douma MR, Verwey RA, Kam-Endz CE, et al: Obstetric analgesia: a comparison of patient-controlled meperidine, remifentanil, and fentanyl in labour, Br J Anaesth 104:209-215, 2010 .
Westling F, Milsom I, Zetterström H, et al: Effects of nitrous oxide/ oxygen inhalation on the maternal circulation during vaginal delivery, Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 36:175-181, 1992
Carstoniu J, Lewtam S, Norman P, et al: Nitrous oxide in early labor: Safety and analgesic efficacy assessed by a double-blind, placebo- controlled study, Anesthesiology 80:30-35,
1994.
98. Rosen MA: Nitrous oxide for relief of labor pain: a systematic review, Am J Obstet Gynecol 186(5 Suppl Nature):S110-S126, 2002. 99. Clyburn P: The use of Entonox for labour pain
should be aban- doned, Int J Obstet Anesth 10:27-29, 2001.
Gaiser RR: The epidural test dose in obstetric anesthesia: it is not obsolete, J Clin Anesth 15:474-477, 2003.
Collis RE, Davies DW, Aveling W: Randomised comparison of com- bined spinal-epidural and standard epidural analgesia in labour, Lancet 345:1413-1416, 1995.
Pace MC, Aurilio C, Bulletti C, et al: Subarachnoid analgesia in advanced labor: a comparison of subarachnoid analgesia and pudendal block in advanced labor: analgesic quality and
obstetric outcome, Ann N Y Acad Sci 1034:356-363, 2004.
Ismail MT, Hassanin MZ: Neuraxial analgesia versus intravenous remifentanil for pain relief in early labor in nulliparous women, Arch Gynecol Obstet 286:1375-1381, 2012.
1995 – 2005
3,5%
Hawkins JL, Chang J, Palmer SK, et al: Anesthesia-related maternal
mortality in the United States: 1979–2002. Obstet Gynecol 117:69, 2011
Li G, Warner M, Lang BH et al: Epidemiology of
anesthesia-related mortality in the United States, 1999–
2005. Anesthesiology 110(4):759, 2009
El American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2002) confirmó
su postura compartida con la American Society of Anesthesiologists en
cuanto a que si la mujer solicita alivio del dolor durante el trabajo
de parto, esto constituye una indicación médica suficiente para
brindar dicho alivio.
La American Academy of Pediatrics y el American College of
Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2007) especificaron que es
responsabilidad del obstetra o de la enfermera-partera
certificada, en consulta con un anestesiólogo si es necesario,
integrar un plan adecuado para el alivio del dolor.
American College
of obstetricians and
Gynecologists
https://www.wfsahq.org/components/com_virtual_library/media/667535950
ee1c45ca471f40b1cb0af38-365-Fundamentos-de-la-Analgesia-Epidural-en-e
l-Trabajo-de-Parto.pdf
https://www.wfsahq.org/components/com_virtual_library/media/cfbc317752
153b5dab35f0a1b16119c2-366-Epidural-en-el-trabajo-de-parto---solucio--n-
de-problemas--Spanish-.pdf