SCIENCE,

TECHNOLOGY, and
NATION-BUILDING
GUIMARAS STATE COLLEGE
KEZIA JOICE M. BAUTISTA
Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:
• discuss the role of science and technology in Philippine nation-building
• evaluate government policies pertaining to science and technology in terms
of their contributions to nation-building
• Identify actual science and technology policies of the government and
appraise their impact on the development of the Filipino nation.
 The history of science and technology is the history of the invention
of tools and techniques
 These inventions have enabled people to create and accomplish
many new things.
Technological artifacts are product’s of a society’s economy, a force
for economic growth, and a large part of everyday life.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND of
SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY in the
PHILIPPINES
SCIENCE in PRE-SPANISH PHILIPPINES
 Scientific knowledge is observed in the way they plant their crops, in
taking care of animals to help in their daily task and lastly for food
production
Science is observed in the way they interpret the movements of
heavenly bodies to predict seasons and climates.
 They also discovered the medicinal uses of plants
TECHNOLOGY in PRE-SPANISH PHILIPPINES
 they used technology by building houses and irrigations
They developed tools for planting, hunting, cooking and fishing; for
fighting their enemies during war or tribal conflicts; for
transportation, both on land and water.
They also developed technologies in creating musical instruments.
The different archeological artifacts discovered in different parts of
the country also prove that the METAL AGE also had a significant
influence on the lives of early Filipinos.
 the sophisticated designs of gold and silver jewelry, ceramics, and
metal tools proved that their technological ideas helped in the
development of different tools.
Also, trading with China, Indonesia, Japan, and other nearby
countries have influenced their lives by providing different
opportunities for cultural and technological exchange.
All these ancient practices in science and technology are considered
now as INDIGENOUS SCIENCE or FOLK SCIENCE.
SOCIETY in PRE-COLONIAL
PHILIPPINES

BOW AND ARROW

TOOLS in PRE-COLONIAL
PHILIPPINES

FISHERMEN IN PRE-
SPANISH PERIOD
TOOLS in PRE-COLONIAL
PHILIPPINES

TATTOOS AND PIERCINGS BOLO

COOKING TOOLS and BAYBAYIN
WRITING SYSTEM
Baybayin Writing System
SPANISH PERIOD in the PHILIPPINES
 When the Spaniards colonized the country, they brought with them
their own culture and practices.
 They established schools for boys and girls and introduced the
concept of subjects and disciplines.
 It was the beginning of formal science and technology in the country,
known now as school of science and technology.
 Learning of science in school focuses on understanding different concepts
related to the human body, plants, animals, and heavenly bodies. Technology
focuses on using and developing house tools used in everyday life.
LIFE during SPANISH ERA
 It slowly became modernized by adapting Western technology and their ways
of life.
The Filipinos developed ways to replicate the technology brought by the
Spaniards using indigenous materials.
Medicine and advanced science were introduced in formal colleges and
universities established by the Catholic orders.
 The galleon trade has brought additional technology and development in the
Philippines.
Some Filipino students were able to study in Europe also contributed to the
advancement of medicine, engineering, arts, music, and literature in the
country.
LIFE during SPANISH ERA
 one of the centers of global trade in Southeast Asia during that time,
and was considered to be one of the most developed places in the
region.
 the superstitious beliefs of the people and the Catholic doctrines and
practices during Spanish era halted the growth of science in the
country.
GALLEON TRADE ROADS
THEATER/ THEATRO CHURCHES
SPANISH ERA
 The growth of science in the country hindered by the superstitious
beliefs of the people and by the Catholic doctrines and practices.
 Life during this era slowly became modernized and adapted some
Western technology.
 Filipinos replicated the technology brought by the Spaniards using
indigenous materials.
American Period
 Americans have more influenced in the development of science and
technology in the Philippines compared to the Spaniards.
They established the following:
1. Public Education System
2. Improved the engineering works and health conditions of
the people
3. They established a modern research university (UP)
4. Created more public hospitals than the Spanish era
5. Transportation and communication improved
American Period
 The American’s did everything to “Americanized” the Philippines
 In basic education, science education focuses on nature studies and
science and sanitation until it became a subject known as “SCIENCE.”
American Period