CONTEXT OF TEXT

DEVELOPMENT
WHAT IS CONTEXT?
It refers to the situations or circumstances
surrounding a text.
It may be political, religious, social, culture, historical,
or even personal.
It considered as the influences of a writer as he or she
develops his or her text.
Questions to understand the text:
When it was written?
Who was the author?
Was there an event in the life of the author that led
him or him to write the text?
What was the political situation then?
What pressing social issues were present during the
time when the text was written?
What is Intertextuality?

The interconnectedness and interdependence

between languages, images, characters, and themes in
the context of reading.
IDENTIFYING IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT
CLAIMS
Explicit information refers to the ideas that are
directly stated in the text.
Implicit information pertains to the ideas that are
implied or suggested.
Characteristics of a Good Claim
It should be debatable or arguable.
It should express the writer’s unique view about the
topic.
It is not neutral.
It should be clearly worded and specific.
It should be logical and rational.
Types of claims
Claim of fact – a type of claim that can be verified as
either true or false no matter how difficult it is.
Ex.
1. Smoking is not dangerous to one’s health.
2. Marijuana is not a drug but a medicine.
3. Global warming is a deterrent to economic growth.
Claim of value – refers to evaluative statements that
can be qualified. They assert which conditions are
better, more important, or more desirable.

Ex.
1. It is better to give than to receive.
2. Women are better than men.
3. Filipinos are the best workers in the world.
Claim of policy - refers to statements that espouse for
a specific action to be taken as solution to a particular
problem.

Ex.
1. Given the rising criminality rate, we should
implement the death penalty.
2. The school should never impose an English-Only
Policy for it is anti-patriotic.
3. Abortion should be legalized in the country.
EVALUATING AUTHOR’S CLAIM
Be sure that the claims are supported by strong arguments
based on the premises that are reasonable.
Be mindful of the author’s approach in building his or her
case.
Check for facts, statistics, and sources cited by the writer in
his or her text.
Distinguish facts fro opinions
For general or broad claims, look for a more substantive
evidence to prove the argument.
Determine the evidence from the text, which supports the
writer’s claim.