Jindal SAW Ltd.

IPU

Topic- GTAW (TIG) Welding

Submitted By- Swapnil Modak

SAP Code -112861
 CONTENTS
•INTRODUCTION
•GTAW SET-UP
•EQUIPMENTS USED IN GTAW
•POWER SOURCE FOR GTAW
•EFFECT OF POLARITY
•TUNGSTEN ELECTRODE
•ADVANTAGES
•DISADVANTAGES
•SHIELDING GAS
•GTAW OPERATIONS
•VARIANTS IN GTAW
 Introduction
• Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) also known as
Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (TIG) is an Electric Arc
Welding process that produces an arc between a
non-consumable electrode (Tungsten having high
melting point i.e.3410˚C, low electrical resistance,
good heat conductivity and ability to emit
electron easily) and work piece to be welded. The
weld is shielded from the atmosphere by shielding
gas that forms an envelope around the weld area.
GTAW SET-UP
 Equipments used in GTAW
• Gas Supply (Cylinder)
• Electrical Supply (AC/DC)
• Electrode Holder,
• Torch (Air or Water Cooled) or Gun
• Connection cables
• Hose
• Tungsten Electrode
• Coolant
• Filler Rod or Wire etc.
 Power Source For GTAW
• DCEN (Straight Polarity)- Used for welding most
material other than aluminium.
• DCEP (Reverse Polarity)- Used rarely since it results
in low penetration. Also the constant bombardment
of the tungsten electrode by electrons in the DCEP
mode degrades the electrode.
• AC (Alternative Current)- Used widely to weld
alluminium which has tenacious oxide surface layer.
Effect of Polarity
 Tungsten Electrode

•Tungsten has the following

properties:
• High tensile strength
• Hardness
• High melting temperature
• High boiling temperature
• Good electrical
conductivity
 Advantages of GTAW
• Superior Weld quality, generally free from
spatter, porosity or other defects.
• Precise control of arc and fusion
characteristics.
• Weld almost all metals.
• Used with or without filler wire.
• Easily Automated.
• Used in all positions.
 Disadvantages of GTAW

• Deposition rate are low comparative to other

welding processes.
• Higher operator skills required.
• Tungsten inclusions and contamination of the
weld pool may occur.
 Shielding Gas

• Inert Gases- Argon and Helium

• Active Gases- Hydrogen and Nitrogen
 GTAW Operations
• Electrode preparation
• Installation of back up plate or Purging
• Initiation of arc
• Maintenance of Arc
• Welding Technique
• Stopping of Arc
 Arc Initiation
• Use of carbon block or Scrap Material
• High Frequency and High voltage Supply
• Low Current Pilot Arc

Arc Maintenance
• High Open Circuit Voltage of welding
transformer.
• Imposition of High frequency and voltage on
main welding circuit.
• Injection of High voltage surge
 Variants of GTAW

• Pulsed Current GTAW

• Hot Wire GTAW
• GTA Spot Welding
• Twin Electrode GTAW
• Manual Programmed GTAW