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  • Biochemistry 2: Digestion and Absorption of Carbohydrate

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    mustafa wazir
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    Digestion of carbohydrates involves both mechanical and chemical breakdown. Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth and stomach through chewing and peristalsis. In the stomach, sucrose is hydrolyzed into glucose and fructose by hydrochloric acid. Chemical digestion occurs in the small intestine where pancreatic amylase breaks down carbohydrates and disaccharidases on the brush border further break down di- and oligosaccharides into monosaccharides, which are then absorbed. Lactose intolerance can result from a congenital or acquired deficiency of the enzyme lactase.

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    Digestion of carbohydrates involves both mechanical and chemical breakdown. Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth and stomach through chewing and peristalsis. In the stomach, sucrose is hydrolyzed into glucose and fructose by hydrochloric acid. Chemical digestion occurs in the small intestine where pancreatic amylase breaks down carbohydrates and disaccharidases on the brush border further break down di- and oligosaccharides into monosaccharides, which are then absorbed. Lactose intolerance can result from a congenital or acquired deficiency of the enzyme lactase.

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    18 views17 pages

    Biochemistry 2: Digestion and Absorption of Carbohydrate

    Uploaded by

    mustafa wazir
    Digestion of carbohydrates involves both mechanical and chemical breakdown. Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth and stomach through chewing and peristalsis. In the stomach, sucrose is hydrolyzed into glucose and fructose by hydrochloric acid. Chemical digestion occurs in the small intestine where pancreatic amylase breaks down carbohydrates and disaccharidases on the brush border further break down di- and oligosaccharides into monosaccharides, which are then absorbed. Lactose intolerance can result from a congenital or acquired deficiency of the enzyme lactase.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17

    Biochemistry 2

    Digestion and absorption of


    carbohydrate
    Digestion
    • Process of breaking down of food into simple
    compound through different enzyme and
    mastication. There is two type of digestion
    • 1.mechanical digestion
    • 2. chemical digestion
    • Than food [bolus] is pass to stomach through
    peristaltic movement. This peristaltic
    movement and mixing of food in stomach act
    as a mechanical digestion. There is no enzyme
    to break the glycosidic bond in gastric juice,
    however HCL present in the stomach causes
    hydrolysis of sucrose to fructose and glucose.
    • Food [bolus] reaches the duodenum from the
    stomach where it meets the pancreatic juice.
    Pancreatic juice contain a CHO splitting
    enzyme called pancreatic amylase [amylopsin]
    similar to salivary amylase. Main digestion
    take place in small intestine.
    • Disaccharidases = Brush border epithelium of
    intestinal mucosal cells.
    CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
    • Lactose intolerance = lactase deficiency
    • Causes = congenital or acquired during life
    time [primary i.e. adulthood or secondary i.e
    due to other disease celiac disease]

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