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001L- (AQ) - محاضرات 1 - شابتر 1
001L- (AQ) - محاضرات 1 - شابتر 1
Engineering
Lecture (1) Revision
Chemical Reaction Engineering (CRE) is the field that
studies the rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions
and the design of the reactors in which they take place.
TODAY’S LECTURE
Introduction
Definitions
Introduction
•Chemical reaction engineering is at the heart of virtually
every chemical process. It separates the chemical engineer
from other engineers.
•
Introduction
Materials on the Web and CDROM
/http://www.engin.umich.edu/~cre
Let’s Begin CRE
Chemical Reaction Engineering (CRE) is
the field that studies the rates and
mechanisms of chemical reactions and the
design of the reactors in which they take
place.
Chemical Identity
• A chemical species is said to have
reacted when it has lost its chemical
identity.
Chemical Identity
• A chemical species is said to have reacted when it has lost its
chemical identity.
1. Decomposition
Chemical Identity
• A chemical species is said to have
reacted when it has lost its chemical
identity.
1. Decomposition
2. Combination
Chemical Identity
• A chemical species is said to have
reacted when it has lost its chemical
identity.
1. Decomposition
2. Combination
3. Isomerization
Reaction Rate
• The reaction rate is the rate at which a
species looses its chemical identity per
unit volume.
Reaction Rate
• The reaction rate is the rate at which a
species looses its chemical identity per
unit volume.
• The rate of a reaction (mol/dm3/s) can
be expressed as either
rB = 0.2 mole/dm3/s
Reaction Rate
• EXAMPLE: AB
rB = 0.2 mole/dm3/s
• EXAMPLE: AB
rB = 0.2 mole/dm3/s
• rj is a function of concentration,
temperature, pressure, and the type of
catalyst (if any)
Reaction Rate
• rj is the rate of formation of species j per unit
volume [e.g. mol/dm3/s]
• rj is a function of concentration, temperature,
pressure, and the type of catalyst (if any)
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Classification of Reactors
Based on number of phases:-
• Homogeneous:- Only one phase, usually a gas
oe a liquid. (productivity depends on rate of
reaction).
• Heterogeneous: two or possibly three phases
are present.( productivity depends on rate of
reaction and rate of mass transfer).
G-L
G-S
L-S
L-L
Classification of Reactors
Based on mode of operation:-
• Batch reactors.
• Continuous reactors.
• Continuously Stirred Tank reactors (CSTR) or back
mix reactors.
• Tubular or Plug Flow Reactors (PFR).
Classification of Reactors
Based on thermal characteristics of the
reactor:
• isothermal:- temperature of mixture remains
constant.
• Non Isothermal:temperature of mixture is not
constant.
adiabatic or non adiabatic