CDIO Approach For Real-Time Experiential Learning of Large Structures

The 5th International CDIO Conference, Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore, June 7-10, 2009
CDIO Approach for Real-Time Experiential

Learning of Large Structures
By Dr Tao Nengfu, Yoong Yuen Soo, Tan Poh

Seng
School of Architecture and the Built Environment
School of Architecture and

the Built Environment
Contents
1. Introduction
2. An Innovative Solution For Real-time

Experiential Learning of Large Structures
3. CDIO Approach For Real-time Experiential

Learning of Large Structure
4. Conclusions

Introduction
 Traditional Approach to Teach Structural Analysis &
Design Modules
 A series of lectures on physical laws, mathematical

tools and methods for structural analysis and
design
 Students are passive recipients
 Supplemented by a few laboratory experiments on
scaled-down models in different sessions at
different places

Introduction
 Perceptions of Civil Engineering Students on
Structural Analysis & Design Modules
 Abstract
 Dry
 Difficult to visualize and understand
 Killer modules
 No confidence to pass
 …

Introduction
“Tell me, and I will forget. Show me, and I may
remember. Involve me, and I will understand.”
Confucius (551-489 B.C.)


An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

 Conceiving Stage (brain-storming sessions)
 Adopted two-pronged approach

 applied systems thinking
 consulted relevant staff members
 consideration of future implementation of CDIO as the
context for civil engineering education


 Solution
To upgrade an existing laboratory space and design-build-
operate a real size structural system to give students
integrated hands-on learning experience



 Why this solution is Innovative?
a) Motivating students in understanding of structural concepts and
behaviours.
b) Integrating discrete and disconnected experiments across different

structural engineering modules.
c) providing a conducive learning environment within existing laboratory

that was used for concreting and building technology work, and
d) providing a platform for implementing principles and standards of CDIO

in the context of civil engineering education.

 Designing Stage
 Developed design specifications

 Carefully selected a consultant
 Worked closely together with the external consultant
 Issued drawings to an external contractor for
construction


 Construction Stage
 Played roles of “site supervising engineer” and “product

system operator”
Worked closely together with the external consultant and

contractor


Completion of the “Structural Learning Space”


 Installation of structural measurement system
Sixty high resolution strain gauges
Two 30-channel digital data loggers
Two desktop computers
Learning Space Structure

Computer simulation


Unique features of the “Structural Learning Space”
 Typical steel members of hot-rolled sections are used;

 All main structural members are not covered by ceiling boards;
 All typical connection details are painted with different colours;
 Equipped with advanced structural measurement system.

CDIO Approach For Real-Time Experiential

An integrated capstone project (Module: Structural Steel
Design & CADD)
Project objectives

a)Integrate and apply all aspects of knowledge in structural engineering;
b)Cultivate team spirit and team work through working with team members;
c)Practise technical skills, quality consciousness and time management;
d)Develop initiative, creative thinking and innovative ideas, and
e)Plan, organize and write a group project report.


An integrated capstone project (Module: Structural Steel
Design & CADD)
Main tasks
1)Scheming of structural floor plans based on architectural drawings;
2)Load determination, calculation and transferring;
3)Sizing, analyzing and designing of structural members;
4)3D modelling and virtual construction of the “Structural Learning Space”
5)Report writing and compiling


Project Schedule
Week in Term 4 Tasks
Week 1 Project briefing and getting started on project
Week 2 Scheming of structural floor plans
Week 3 Load calculations & analysis using STAAD.Pro 2007/SAP2000
Week 4 Design calculations
Design calculations and CAD 3D modeling using Bentley Structural
Week 5
XM
CAD 3D Modeling and Animation of erection sequence using Bentley
Week 6
Structural XM
Week 7 Writing and Compilation of Report
Before 5:00pm,
Submission of the project report.
Friday of Week 7


Project assessment
Item Learning Outcomes CDIO Skills Weightage
1 Reasonableness of assumptions of live loads, 1.2 and 2.1.2 15%

member sizes and modelling for structural
analysis.
2 Correctness of load calculation, load 2.1.4, 2.4.3, 35%
transferring, structural analysis and design 4.4.1 and 4.4.3
calculations.
3 Correctness of 3D CAD modelling and 3.2.5 15%
animation of construction sequence.
4 Teamwork and communication 3.1 and 3.2.6 15%
5 Documentation of the report 3.2.3 and 3.3.1 20%


Student-centred experimental activities


E
Verification of stress-strain formula


Student-centred experimental activities
Numerical Analysis and Experimental Results of Member BC
Applied Load Numerical Experimental Results Difference

(kN) Results (ε1 ) (ε 2) ( |ε1- ε 2|/ ε1)
14 4.3×10-6 4.1×10-6 4.60%
16 4.9×10-6 4.7×10-6 4.10%
18 5.5×10-6 5.3×10-6 3.60%

Conclusions
1. Provides students the opportunities for integrated learning of structural
engineering modules.
2. Provide a platform for the integrated capstone project on the
“Structural Learning Space” .
3. Provide a space and a tool for student-centered real-time experimental
learning activities for structural engineering modules.
4. Student feedback shows that by operating on the “Structural Learning
Space”, learning of structural analysis and design modules is no
longer
boring but one that provides a pleasant learning experience.

Q&A?


CDIO Approach For Real-Time Experiential Learning of Large Structures

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The 5th International CDIO Conference, Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore, June 7-10, 2009

CDIO Approach for Real-Time Experiential

By Dr Tao Nengfu, Yoong Yuen Soo, Tan Poh

School of Architecture and

2. An Innovative Solution For Real-time

3. CDIO Approach For Real-time Experiential

School of Architecture and

 A series of lectures on physical laws, mathematical

School of Architecture and

School of Architecture and

Confucius (551-489 B.C.)

School of Architecture and

An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

 Conceiving Stage (brain-storming sessions)

 Adopted two-pronged approach

School of Architecture and

An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

School of Architecture and

An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

b) Integrating discrete and disconnected experiments across different

c) providing a conducive learning environment within existing laboratory

d) providing a platform for implementing principles and standards of CDIO

An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

 Developed design specifications

An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

 Played roles of “site supervising engineer” and “product

Worked closely together with the external consultant and

School of Architecture and

An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

Completion of the “Structural Learning Space”

School of Architecture and

An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

Learning Space Structure

School of Architecture and

An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

 Typical steel members of hot-rolled sections are used;

School of Architecture and

CDIO Approach For Real-Time Experiential

School of Architecture and

CDIO Approach For Real-Time Experiential

School of Architecture and

CDIO Approach For Real-Time Experiential

School of Architecture and

CDIO Approach For Real-Time Experiential

Item Learning Outcomes CDIO Skills Weightage

1 Reasonableness of assumptions of live loads, 1.2 and 2.1.2 15%

School of Architecture and

An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

School of Architecture and

An Innovative Solution For Real-Time

Applied Load Numerical Experimental Results Difference

14 4.3×10-6 4.1×10-6 4.60%

16 4.9×10-6 4.7×10-6 4.10%

18 5.5×10-6 5.3×10-6 3.60%

School of Architecture and

School of Architecture and

School of Architecture and

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