Marine

pollution
marine pollution
Presented By :-
Miss. Pooja Mane.

Under the guidance of :-

Prof. R. R. Chandanshive Sir.
Content:
Introduction
Objective
Scope
Literature review
Marine pollution
pollutants: sources and their effects
Prevention and control of marine pollution
Case study
Conclusion
Reference
Introduction

• Oceans cover about 71% of the earth’s surface.

• They play an important role in the chemical and
bioloical balance of the life on the earth.
• They are vital to our food security, commerce and
transportation.
• But human activity has troubled the health of oceans.
• The habitats of marine mammals and fish have been
degraded severely, with pollution responsible for the
mass deaths of fish, mammals and corals.
• Oraganochloric pollutants, pesticides,
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS) and a range of other
toxic pollutants accumulate within fishes later moving
up the food chain to cause reproductive disorders.
Objective :-
1. To study the techniques used for reduce water
pollution by literature.
2. To study the aquatic environment and their life by
using literature.
3. To study the important of clean water to aquatic
life form.
4. To survey biodiversity along the coast
and other coastal areas and marine
system.
Scope:-

Marine Pollution is a specialty section in Frontiers in Marine

Science. It is particularly concerned with the environmental health
status of transient estuarine, marine coastal and offshore habitats
including their organisms. We invite manuscripts that address
chemical, biological and physical monitoring studies and which
describe experimental approaches in both the field and laboratory
integrating analyses at the molecular, species, community, and
ecosystem level. Descriptions of distribution and disposal patterns
of marine pollutants in the past, present, and future scenarios are
welcome.
Literature review:-
NAME OF AUTHOR NAME OF TOPIC DECRIPTION

R. SEN GUPTA AND MARINE POLLUTION IN THE INDIAN OCEAN

S.Y.S. SINGBAL INDIAN OCEAN - PROBLEMS, -DEFINITION &
PROSPECTS
AND PERSPECTIVES PHYSIOGRAPHY

MARINA MARINE POLLTION damages to coastal and marine

VALENTUKEVICIENE &
EVELINA BRANNVALL

H.H.SHIH A LITERATURE SURVEY OF phases of ocean pollutions.

OCEAN POLLUTION
MARINE POLLUTION

It is defined as the discharge of waste substances into the sea

resulting in the harm to living resources, hazards to human
health, hindrance to fishery and impairment of quality for use
of sea water.
Marine pollution is associated with the changes in physical,
chemical and biological conditions of the sea water.
The introduction by man, directly, or indirectly, of
substances or energy to the marine environment.
Resulting in deleterious effects such as: hazards to human
health, hindrance to marine activities, impairment of the
quality of sea water for various uses and reduction of amenities.
Types of pollution
Thermal pollution
Eutrophication
Radioactive pollution
Fate
Plastic debris
Oil pollution
Under water noise pollution
Acidification
 Polluted by toxins
Garbage Oceans

Garbage Oceans

Polluted by garbage
Types Of Pollution

Oil Spills Fertilizers

Sewage Pipes Chemicals

Pollutants: Sources & their effects

• Sewage
• Pesticides
• Plastic wastes
• Metallic wastes
• Oil
• Sediment plumes(by deep sea mining)
• Heat
• Radioactive waste
• Dredge spoil
sewage
Detrimental effects of sewage include:
-Eutrophication
-Deoxygenating
-Foul deposit, reduced salinity, infection and
toxic reduce
Plastic waste
fishing net entangle fish, dolphins, sea
turtles, sharks, dugongs, crocodiles, sea birds,
crabs, & other creatures, restricting movement,
causing starvation, laceration & infection, & in
those that need to return to the surface to
breathe,suffocation.
Oil
- reduction in dissolved oxygen.
- reduction in light penetration.
- oil spilling causes lethal toxicity to aquatic flora.
- waste from oil refineries & discharged petroleum from ships cause heavy
damage to fishery.

Metallic waste
- the use of antifouling paints on the bottoms of boats has been implicated as
major sources of heavy metal in water.
- these toxic metals can accumulate in the tissues of many species of aquatic
life.
- when we consume such fishes, it will affect our nervous system, kidneys,
brains, respiratory system or even it will lead us to death.
Prevention and control of marine pollution
To control oil pollution following methods are used:
-skimming
-by spreading a high density power over the oil patch, it can be sunk to the bottom
-biodegradation
-burning
• Heat can be removed from condenser cooling waters prior to their disposal into the
marine water.
• Removal of phosphorus by electrolysis.
• Adopting appropriate method to remove heavy metal frpm the marine water.
• Radioactive waste can be removed or reduced by ion-exchange techniques,
precipitation of radio-nuclides.
• Management by government.
• Creating awareness on marine pollution, local communities near sea must protect
sea.
Acts & regulations

Marine pollution control act,1974,1987,1994

Hazardous waste handling and management act,1989
Marpol 73/78
Japan’s marine pollution act1976 for marine disaster.
Prevention of marine pollution by waste act1990.
Oil pollution act1990
Water pollution control act and litter act1977
Case Study
Chennai – ennore port -

This paper makes an effort the impact of pollution in the Chennai Ennore port region. Ennore
is a busy area with heavy economic activities, the port region facilitates, transit, and cargo loading
and unloading, there is heavy vehicular traffic, the fishing port is always functions in an active
manner, besides there are numerous, house dwelling surrounding, schools, commercial
establishments, shops, small restaurants, marriage hall, hospitals, some processing, industries,
chemical industries, refineries, etc. The infrastructure facilities at the port are inadequate, with poor
drainage facilities, improper waste clearance, very bad roads. The water quality report was collected
from the recorded from the Tamil Nadu pollution Board in the year 2009. Which stated that the
water quality tested positive of high ammonia, high nitrite, similarly high petrocarbon, values were
observed, near the harbour, phenols, and high concentration of cadmium and mercury were also
observed. The presence high quantities of phenols and cadmium is due industrial effluents being
discharged without treating. High levels of ammonia from waste water discharge, PHC and Hg from
boat traffic and harbour activities. To explain the ennore coastal environment system, iit is mainly
found that anthropogenic sources and several biogeochemical processes are taking place in the
marine ecosystem. Eutrophication is found high which is showing 24-51%. It consists of variables
such as Doph, SS, ammonia-N phosphate, and silicate- copper contamination is as high as10.61%.
Metals such as Zinc was 10.11% the surface waters, estuary, and adjacent coastal waters are found
highly polluted, Solid waste dumping from the adjoining areas, windblown debris, are other
contributing factors.
CONCLUSION
 The study has brought out the factors that are responsible for
marine pollution and has highlighted the effects. It explains the
geographical layout, it highlights the pressure of population,
dependence of coastal communities, and pathetic condition of ports,
the river water bodies and how polluted water reaches the sea. It also
emphasizes on the emergence of slums along the banks of the river
bodies all along Chennai, how this can be removed by giving alternative
sites and facilities. It also drawn attention on the excessive port and
harbor activities, the poor infrastructure, bad planning by the state in
maintaining and preventing damage. This study emphasizes how
awareness and information and public and private participation and
together lead to a sustainable marine environment, It can pave way
mitigating global warming, and preserving and protection of precious
marine resources.
Reference
podsadam, janice (19 June 2001). “lost sea cargo: beach
bounty or junk?”. National geographical news.
Retrieved 8 april 2008.
Selman, mindy (2007) eutrophication: an overview of
status, trends, policies, and strategies. World resources
institute.
 Wikipedia.org/wiki/marine_pollution.html
http://www.cmc-ocean.org