Department of Mechanical Engineering

Global Institute of Technology Seminar on

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Seminar on
UNDER WATER WELDING

Submitted to: Submitted By :

Mr. Md. SHABBIR ALAM PADAM NABH GAUTAM
Assistant Professor 16EGJME079
Mechanical Engg. B.TECH. 4th Year
GIT , Jaipur Mechanical Engg.
GIT , Jaipur
 INTRODUCTION

 1932 : soviet engineer Konstantin Khrenov made the first under water weld
in lab tests.

 First under water welding was carried out by British Admiralty – Dockyard for
sealing leaking ships rivets below water line, in 1946.

 In 1946, special waterproof electrodes were developed in Holland by

‘Van der Willingen’
 PRINCIPAL OF OPERATION

The process of underwater wet welding takes in the following manner.

The work to be welded is connected to one side of an electric circuit, and a

metal electrode to the other side.

At the same time, the top of electrode melts, and metal droplets are projected
into the weld pool.
Figure: under water welding
TYPES OF U.W.W.

DRY WELDING

1. USING LARGE HABITAT

2. USING MINI HABITAT

WET WELDING
 DRY WELDING
Hyperbaric welding is the process
in which a chamber is sealed
around the structure to be welded
and is filled with a gas ( He and
Oxygen) at the prevailing pressure.

Figure: Dry Welding

Dry welding can be of two types
•Large habitat
•Mini habitat

Figure:- mini habitat

Figure:- Large habitat for underwater welding
ADVANTAGES OF DRY WELDING

•Welder /diver safety

•Good weld quality
•Surface monitoring
DISADVANTAGE OF DRY WELDING
• Higher cost of process, training, etc
• Large quantity of costly and complex
equipments.
• Cant weld if weld spot is at unreachable
place
 WET WELDING
• Simply means that job is
performed directly in the water
• It involves using special rod and
is similar to the process in
ordinary air welding
Figure : - WET WELDING
Figure:- wet welding
ADVANTEGES OF WET WELDING

• Cheapest
• Fastest
• Tensile strength is high
• Ease of access the weld spot
• No waste of time in constructing habitat
DISADVANTEGES OF WET WELDING
• Rapid quenching decreases impact
strength.
• Hydrogen embrittlement.
• Poor visibility in water.
Figure :- schematic diagram for underwater welding or cutting
 UNDERWATER WELDING
EQUIPMENTS
To weld properly underwater, a commercial
divers use five main tools:
1. Diving helmet
2. Accessories
3. Diving suit
4. Electrodes
5. Stinger
6. Power supply
 Accessories

Figure :- Knife Switch

Figure :- Umbilical Cord

Figure :- Bailout Gas

Figure :- Diving Knife Figure :- Harness

 Dangers and difficulties

• Hydrogen and oxygen are

dissociated from the water and will
travel separately as bubbles.
• Above river beds, especially in mud,
because trapped methane gas in the
proper concentrations can explode.
 SAFTEY MEASURES
• Start cutting at the highest point and work
downward
• By withdrawing the electrode every few
seconds to allow water to enter the cut
• Gases may be vented to the surface with a vent
tube (flexible hose) secured in place from the
high point where gases would collect to a
position above the waterline.
 Future scope and developments
• Development of alternative welding methods like
friction welding, explosive welding, and stud
welding.
• Present trend is towards automation. THOR – 1
(TIG Hyperbaric Orbital Robot) is developed
where diver performs pipefitting, installs the track
and orbital head on the pipe and the rest process is
automated.
 REFERENCES
•www.google.com
•www.slideshare.net
 THANK YOU…!!!

&

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