Cathedra of medical physical culture,

sports medicine and valeology

Lecture 3:

Physical work
Theme: “

capacity”
Nekhanevich Oleg Borisovich
 Exertion tests

These tests are based on the measurement of changes

in indices in time exertion

1. Execution of exactly dosed the muscle exertion,

individual for every patient.

2. They give quantitative assessment of functional

indexes changes.

3. They require complex apparatus (ergometers and

diagnostic apparatus) and special medical personal.
 TYPES OF PHYSICAL EXERTION for
TESTING
1. Constant the power during exertion

2. Constant increasing the power of exertion

3. Increase the power of exertion in stages

4. Increase the power of exertion in stages with periods

of rest
 METHODS OF PHYSICAL WORK
CAPACITY INVESTIGATION

I. Direct: execution of maximal physical exertion,

on limit of aerobic capacity. Used only for
II. Indirect:
a. Submaximal test PWC170
b. Navvacki test
d. The step test
c. The 12-minute run test (Cooper’s test)
 NAVVACKI TEST

It is one of most simplex test. In this test Is investigated time

during which the patient makes physical exertion in fixed level. For
this test is used the cyclergometer. The type of exertion: increase the
power of exertion in stages. Initial level of the exertion is 1 Vt\kg.
Every level of exertion the patient makes 2 min. After every stage is
evaluated the symptoms of tolerance threshold. If they are present the
test is stopped, if they aren’t the power level increased on 1 Vt\kg.
 Test Navvacki
assessment
The power Time of Test assessment
of exertion work in
(Vt\kg) every stage
(min)
2 1 Low PWC in person isn’t
training
3 1 Satisfactory PWC in person
isn’t training
3 2 Normal PWC in person isn’t
training
4 1 Satisfactory PWC in training
person
4 2 Normal PWC in training
person
5 1-2 High PWC in training person
 Indications to testing:
In sport:
Evaluation of functional
reserve and functional abilities
of cardiorespiratory system;
Sports selection;
Evaluation of training effect in
different periods;
To building of training
programs;
To sports results prognosis.
In hospital:
Evaluation of functional condition of
the body;
Diagnostic of latent form of the
diseases, also to differential
diagnostic of diseases, especially of
cardiovascular system (IHD,
arrhythmias and others);
Motor mode recommendations;
To building the physical
rehabilitation individual programs;
Evaluation of treatment effect;
Evaluation abilities of human to make
the special kind of work.
 Contraindications to testing:

Absolute:

1. Acute infectious diseases, with increase of temperature and in the

reconvalescence period.
2. High level of coronary insufficient (progressive, unstable angina
pectoris).
3. Acute myocardial infarction.
4. Inflammatory disease of heart in active stages (acute myocarditis,
reumocarditis; endocarditis and others).
5. Hard cardiac arrhythmias: premature contractions (frequent (more
then 1 in 10 beats), group (two or more), multifocal, occur on or near
the T wave), paroxysmal tachycardias, ventricular flutter and others)
and conduction (complete heart block).
6. Failure of blood circulation ІІ B – ІІІ st.
7. Thrombophlebitis, varicose veins (dangerous of thromboemboly).
8. Lungs diseases in acute faze (chronic bronchitis, pneumonia,
bronchial asthma and others) or with respiratory insufficiency ІІ – ІІІ
st.
9. Aneurysm of heart and vessels.
10. Oncology diseases.
 Contraindications to testing:

Relative:
1. Subacute period of myocardial infarction (from 10 days to 3 month.).
2. Sinus tachycardia (more 100 beats per 1 minute.).
3. Hard form of arterial hypertension (BP more 240/120 ммHg).
4. WPW syndrome (prematurely enter impulses to ventricles).
5. Deep dilatation of the heart.
6. Anemia.
7. Respiratory insufficiency (decrease VC more 50%).
8. Pregnancy toxicosis.
9. Endocrine disease (diabetes, thyreotoxicosis and others).
10. Psychiatric disease;

Carefuly are made tests if there are:

1. Hypertonic disease;
2. Stable angina pectoris;
3. Valvular heart diseases;
4. Cardiosclerosis;
5. Respiratory insufficiency;
5. Obesity II-III st.
6. When some medications are used.
 THE MAIN INDECES

Physical work capacity is potential abilities of

human to make maximal physical work on safety
level selected period of time.
Aerobic capacity is ability of body uptake of oxygen;
another term is maximum oxygen uptake is volume
of oxygen used when a person reaches his
maximum ability to supply it during exercise.
Tolerance to physical training is ability to make the
physical exertion without symptoms of overload. Appearance
such symptoms is called the tolerance threshold.
 CLINIC SYMPTOMS OF TOLERANCE
THRESHOLD:

1. Complaints of the patient on difficult breathing especially in expiration

(indicator of bronchoconstriction development).

2. Deep dyspnea.

3. Angina pectoris attack. (without changes on ECG).

4. Deep overfatigue, sickness, deranged vision and hearing.

5. Pale color or cyanosis of the skin, less of extremities temperature.

6. Hyperhydrosis.

7. Dyscoordination of the movements.

8. Breakdown of physical exertion by patient.

FUNCTIONAL SIMPTOMS OF TOLERANCE
THRESHOLD

Maximal HR:
- For person who are training: 220 – age in years
- For person who aren’t training: 200 – age in years

Decrease of HR when the load increases.

Maximal BP:
- increase of BP more then (more 240/120 ммHg in training
person, more 200/100 in don’t training ммHg)
- decrease of SBP more then 25% from initial
- decrease of pulse BP
 FUNCTIONAL SIMPTOMS OF TOLERANCE
THRESHOLD (in ECG)
ECG simptoms:

1. Arrhythmia:
premature contractions (frequent (more then 1 in 10 beats), group (two or
more), multifocal, occur on or near the T wave), paroxysmal tachycardias,
ventricular flutter and others) and conduction (complete heart block,
ventricular blocks).
2. ST segment changes:
- depression ST more 0,1 мВ during 0,08 sec. and more;
- elevation ST more 0,2 мВ.
3. Т wave changes:
- elevation Т more then 0,5 мВ (especially in V4 lead);
- decrease voltage Т more then 25% from initial.
4. R wave changes:
- decrease R amplitude more 50% from initial;
- increase R amplitude with ST depression.
- increase and wide Q wave
 «Non progredi est regredi»

Thank you for attention