Portuguese

Empire
By: Juliana Silva, Sofía García,
Mariana Villegas, Carlos Zerda,
Jose Luis Meneses, Giannis, Juan
Pablo Bermudez
 Political Aspects

Economical
Aspects
Index
Social Aspects

Cultural Aspects

2
 How did this country become
an Empire?
The Portuguese empire was
created by a group of iberian
settlers known as Lusitans
that, after expelling the
Muslims from the Iberian
peninsula in the battle of
Ceuta, they managed to
control the territory of
nowadays portugal and
Ceuta creating the
portuguese empire.
3
 Expansion of the Empire
● In the XV century the empire
explored and conquered
islands in the atlantic ocean
● Then, they arrived to Africa
creating the first trading
centres in Cape Verde and
Sao Tome Prince.
● They kept their conquest in
lower Africa where they
annexed nowadays Benin,
Nigeria, Gabon, Angola and
Namibia.

4
 Expansion of the Empire
● Later, sailors such as
Bartolomeu Díaz and Vasco
da Gama created sailing
routes.
● These routes allowed the
conquest of Mozambique and
many islands in the Indian
ocean.
● They even created trading
centres in India.

5
 Expansion of the Empire
● In 1492, the Spanish
empire discovered the
American continent.
● To avoid wars in 1494,
Portugal signed the treaty
of Tordesillas with Spain.
● In the XVI century
Portugal arrived to Brazil,
starting their conquest.

6
 Expansion of the Empire
● However, Tordesillas treaty only
let Portugal to conquer coast
territories.
● In 1640, Portugal violated the
treaty.
● The empire started expanding
it’s domain into the center of
the continent.
● Portugal managed to conquest
all nowadays Brazil territory
that became the biggest and
most important colony of the
empire.

7
 “
Political
Aspects

8
 Ideolog
y control
● Like many Europeans,
Portugal was Christian
and the wanted to expand
this ideology by
colonizing other
territories.
● They were govern by a
king/queen (they were an
absolute monarchy).
9
Mechanisms of
● Having in account their
ideology, they wanted to
expand christianism and it
was an excuse for their
growth.
● Like this, they could obtain
resources, power and
territory.
● When colonizing, the
portuguese used christianism
for fooling people for slavery.
 ● ●Their organization
Monarchy didn’t
until 1850 count
and a
with an specific rule to follow
constitutional monarchy until for
Monarchy/Gov
Laws for colony colonization
1890
● 1911 they proclaimed a
ern
control ● They had many
republican projects like
constitution andthe
the
pink map: they wanted to
first president was Manuel de
connect
Arriaga.Angola with
Mozambique (It didn’t result
● In 1915 there was a military
because Germany owned
dictatorship
Mozambique)
● Major Sidónio Pais takes power on
5 December
● Fontism: and
António is elected
Maria Fontes
(Most important
President on 21politician in XIX
April 1918.
century)- consolidation of the
Portuguese state and society at
the monarchical
constitutionalism
10
 Manuel de Arriaga (1911-
1915)
● First president
● He brought economical
crisis
● Brought political forces
Teofilo (1908-1911) King louis I (1867-
● Provisional king 1885)
because of the ● Extended death
1850-
death of King penalty for all
Carlos
1920 crimes

King Carlos I (1885-

1908)
● Tried to reform the
( Queen Amelia escaped to political system
England after King Carlos’
death)

11
 “
Economical
Aspects

12
 Economical Aspects
From the XV century to 1947, the
Portuguese economy was centered
around raw materials trade and
slave and colonial trade between
other countries. Actually, Portugal
dominated the trade industry over
Europe and Asia during the 16th
century.
Raw materials were traded
with: Asia, Africa, South America.
Slaves and colonies were
traded with: Brazil, Mozambique,
Cabo Verde, Angola, etc.

13
 Economical Aspects
Resources and Riches
During the 18th century the
Portuguese empire increased
their production of rice, cotton,
sugar, tobacco and cacao, as
well as gems, silk, spices, oil,
etc. This helped a lot with their
economy, but it also meant an
increment in slave labor. During
this same time Portugal started
to get involved in the textile
economy.

14
 Economical Aspects
Portugal’s economic goal:
● Portugal created a “trading
empire” within the Indian
Ocean
● Their goal wasn’t to control
large populations and
territories, but rather control
commerce..
● The thing they controlled the
most was the spice
commerce, and its
metropolis was located in
Calicut.
15
 “
SOCIAL ASPECTS

16
 Social Aspects
The portuguese empire In the other hand
comprised regions of The southern territory was
considerable diversity with reconquered from the
towns often separated by muslim rule.
depopulated districts.
There were many towns
Mainly Portugal was burdened with defense
divided in North and South duties.
Old aristocracy was set in Villein Knights were
northern territory and the obligated to horse and arm
serfs were the workers. themselves and the less
Tax privileges and freedom substantial men were
In summary they had required to serve as foot
privileges soldiers in defense of the
country
17
 “
CULTURAL ASPECTS

18
 Cultural Aspects
TRADITIONS BELIEFS
The Portuguese have a deep Portugal has a predominantly
appreciation of art. There is always a Roman Catholic Country with a
designated area for crazy art close family ethic.
exhibitions. It never developed a great
dramatic theatrical tradition mainly
due to the fact that the Portuguese are
more passionate about lyrical or
humorous works than dramatic art,
between other traditions or customs.

19
Why did they empires have the right or responsibility to maintain
control over their colonies?

The empire wanted to expand the culture, the religion and

the language of portugal. They also wanted to exploit
resources from the colonies in order improve the economy
and the prestige of the empire.

20
 What technological advances did these empires create?
The creation of new inventions in Portugal took its peak during the Age
of Discovery. These inventions consisted mainly in the improvement of
devices and techniques of ocean navigation and coastal cartography,
such as the mariner's astrolabe and the chart of latitudes.

21
 Technological Advances
One of Portugal’s greatest technological advances and
legacies to the world was the creation of new sailing methods
such as the carabels, galleons, and naos that substitute the
skull ships. These new ships were a revolutionary technology
that was then adopted by other empires such as the
Spaniards, the British, the French and the Dutch. These boats
were faster and easier to handle.

22
 THANKS!
Any questions?

23
 REFERENCES

➢ Portuguese Empire. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Portuguese_Empire

➢ Sharing History. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://sharinghistory.museumwnf.org/hcr_result.php?
startPeriod=1850&endPeriod=After 1930&nccountry=pt&theme=none
➢ Sardica, & Miguel, J. (n.d.). Fontismo. Liberalismo numa Sociedade Iliberal. Retrieved from
http://www.scielo.mec.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1645-64322016000200013
➢ meissamoo Follow. (2009, May 20). Colonial Portugal. Retrieved from
https://www.slideshare.net/meissamoo/colonial-portugal-1467839

24