EQUAL EMPLOYMENT

OPPORTUNITY (EEO)- CS&LR

PRESENTED BY
• Hamza Khan
 Scheme of Presentation
• Equal employment opportunity (EEO) Explained
• Historical Background
• Characteristics of EEO
• Reasons behind Establishment
• Significance
• Reasons for committing to EEO
• How to Implement EEO to benefit from diversity
• Some Terms associated with EEO
• Main Enforcement Bodies
• EEO in Pakistan
 Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)
• Equal employment opportunity (EEO) is the term used to describe laws,

regulations, and processes related to fair treatment of employees.

• Equal employment opportunity refers to the approach of the employers to

ensure the practice of being fair and impartial in the employment process.

• Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) is about ensuring that all employees

have equal access to the opportunities that are available at work.

• A policy of providing uniform standardized access to employment, training

and promotion to all individuals regardless age, sex, race, disability, religion,
color or ethnic background.
 Historical Background
• The term Equal Employment Opportunity was coined by President

B.Johnson when he signed Executive Order 11246 on September 24,

1965.

• It was created to prohibit federal contractors from discriminating

against employees on the basis of race, sex, creed, religion, color, or

national origin. In more recent times, most employers have also added

sexual orientation to the list of non-discrimination.

 Characteristics of EEO
• Employees are considered for the employment of their choice and that they have the

chance to perform to their full potential.

• EEO is about creating a versatile workplace that enables people to be productive

and effective at work.

• It is based on fairness, merit, cost-effectiveness, active employee involvement

and good business planning.

• EEO is about ensuring employers get the best person or team for the job

• EEO is about removing barriers so all employees have the chance to perform to

their best
• EEO is about maximizing the potential of diverse population

• EEO is about valuing people and respecting their abilities, backgrounds and talent
 Reasons behind Establishment
• To increase the participation of minorities and women in the workplace

• An equal opportunity policy statement

• An analysis of the current work force

• Identification of problem areas

• The establishment of goals and timetables for increasing employment

opportunities
• Specific action-oriented programs to address problem areas

• Support for community action programs

• The establishment of an internal audit and reporting system

Significance
• To give fair access to the people of all development

opportunities
• To create a fair organization, industry and society.

• To encourage and give disadvantaged or disabled people a fair

chance to grow with the society

Reasons for committing to EEO
•Improved recruitment

•Greater business productivity

•Increased staff retention

•Reduced absenteeism

•Attracting new customers

•Better customer service

•Reduced risk of claims

•Enhanced company image

•Better health and safety

 How to Implement EEO to benefit from diversity
• Establish commitment to EEO.
• Meet with an EEO Trust representative who can guide HR managers or
senior management through the process of adopting EEO strategies.
• Become familiar with EEO initiatives and strategies. Use work-life and
diversity initiatives to improve business outcomes.
• Draft an EEO strategy. 
• Appoint someone within the organization to monitor and implement EEO
activities and training.
• Consult employees, unions, colleagues, employer associations and other
organizations that have already adopted EEO strategies.
• Develop an action plan.
• Provide EEO training for management and staff.
• Monitor, assess and follow up on the action plan. 
• Publicize your commitment to EEO.
 Some Terms associated with EEO (1/2)
Discrimination

• Discrimination means treating people differently. We choose to treat people differently every

day.

• Discrimination becomes problematic when people are not treated fairly because of

characteristics they possess that have nothing to do with their ability to perform a particular job

Employment discrimination
• Employment discrimination is a form of discrimination based on protected characteristics by

employers.
Unlawful discrimination
• Unlawful discrimination occurs when those decisions are made based on protected

characteristics, which are individual attributes such as race, age, sex, disability, or religion that
are protected under EEO laws and regulations.
Some Terms associated with EEO (2/2)
Regulations
• Regulations in the form of equal employment opportunity (EEO) laws and
other regulations related to fair treatment of employees. Equal Employment
Opportunity laws prohibit specific types of job discrimination in the workplace.
Protected Class
• A protected class is a group of people with a common characteristic who are
legally protected from employment discrimination on the basis of that
characteristic. These traits are called “protected characteristics” and referred to
as “protected classes
• Attributes such as race, age, sex, disability, or religion that are protected under
EEO laws and regulations.
Broad-reaching concept
Equal employment opportunity (EEO) is employment that is not affected by
illegal discrimination. It is a broad-reaching concept that essentially requires
employers to make status-blind employment decisions. Status-blind decisions are
made without regard to individuals’ personal characteristics (e.g., age, sex, race
 Main Enforcement Bodies
• Government agencies responsible for enforcing laws issue guidelines and rules

to provide details on how the law will be implemented. Employers then use
these guidelines to meet their obligations in complying with the laws.
Laws related to EEO
• Racial Discrimination act 1975

• Sex discrimination act 1984

• Anti-Discrimination act 1977

 EEO in Pakistan
• Pakistan constitution puts a ban on discrimination on the basis of sex in appointment in "the

service in Pakistan", provided that the performance and functions of the job can be carried
out by, and is deemed suitable for, both sexes (Art. 27).

• It also provides that "steps shall be taken to ensure full participation of women in all spheres

of national life" (Art. 34).

Pakistan is a signatory of the following international instruments:
• ILO Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111) (ratified on
24/1/1961)
• ILO Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951 (No. 100) (ratified on 11/10/2001)
• UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, 1979
(ratified on 12/3/1996)
• ILO Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention, 1983 (No.
159) (ratified on 25/10/1994)
• ILO Underground Work (Women) Convention, 1935 (No. 45) (ratified on 25/3/1938)
Thank You