Laser Fired

Futuristic Internal Combustion

Engines

Presented by: Himanshu

verma
1609740045
 Laser Ignition
o An alternative solution to standard spark plug is
the use of pulsed laser, focused to create
plasma, representing the laser ignition.

o Laser ignition, or laser-induced ignition, is the

process of starting combustion by the stimulus
of a laser light source.
 Why Laser Ignition?
• Regulations on Nox emissions have continue
to force operation of natural gas engines to
leaner AFR
• Due to Increased Ignition Coil Energy, Spark
Plug Service Life Is Very Low for Natural Gas
Engines
• Ignition Sites of Spark Plug Ignition Are Fixed
Within the Combustion Chamber
Principle of Laser Ignition
focused laser beam

Plasma

flame kernel

mixture burning
 Combustion chamber window
• Core component of laser ignition system.
• Burning free effect occurs
• Singular window test show that optical
window can be used efficiently for 1000hrs

Fig 2: Combustion chamber window

 Advantages of Laser Ignition
• Arbitrary positioning of the ignition plasma
within combustion chamber
• Absence of spark
• No disturbance of the flow-field
• Absence of erosion effects (durability)
• Precise ignition timing
• Simpler regulation of the ignition energy
• Significant reduction in fuel consumption
• Unlike conventional spark ignition, high
pressure requires lower energy for breakdown
• Reduction in exhausts by 20% mainly NOX
• easier possibility of multipoint ignition
• shorter ignition delay time and shorter
combustion time
Laser Arrangement
Experimental setup
Researc
h engine
with the
q-switched
Nd:YAG
laser
system
(top)
Laser spark plug
 Direct comparison
laser ignition – spark plug ignition

Laser ignition

Spark plug ignition

Technology status

Ford and the University of Liverpool are working on a new laser

ignition system for automobiles.

Ford plans to implement the new technology into its top of the
range vehicles within the next few years !!
 Conclusion
 Plasma had the maximum emission peak 30
ns after the laser was fired
and laser plasma UV-emission persisted
for about 80 ns

 Minimum laser energy (MPE)

pulse ignition is for
decreases with
increasing initial pressure
 The time of pressure rise in case of
laser ignition is shorter than the
spark ignition
 Challenges
• Propagation of laser pulse through fiber
optics (d >300μm)
• Develope a compact, robust and economic
laser source
• Concept proven, but no commercial
system available yet.
 References
• International Journal of Modern Engineering Research
• www.laser.org.uk
• Engineersworldonline.com
• www.ijmer.com
• Wikipedia.com
• C. DeMichelis, “Laser induced gas breakdown: A
bibliographical review,” IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
5(4)
Thank you !!!