HYDROMETEOR

LOGICAL
PHENOMENA AND
HAZARD
Prepared by:
Group 7
HYDROMETEOROLOGY
 According to UNISDR, hydrometeor logical hazard is a process or
phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic nature
that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property
damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic
disruption, or environmental damage.
 HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS are caused by
extreme meteor logical and climate events, such as floods,
droughts, hurricanes, tornadoes, landslides, or mudslides.
 The Philippines ranks among the world’s most disaster-prone countries. It is
highly prone to natural disasters, particularly typhoons, floods, landslides,
volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis, lying as it does in the typhoon
belt, in the active volcanic region known as the “Pacific Ring of Fire,” and in
the geologically unstable region between the Pacific and Eurasian tectonic
plates. Aside from the natural disasters that reap an especially heavy human
toll each year, thousands are also displaced by human-made disasters like
armed conflict and development aggression. The intensifying effect of climate
change also aggravates the already burdened citizens with the worsening
economic instability worldwide (CDRC, 2014)
HYDRO METEOR LOGICAL HAZARDS INCLUDE
 Tropical cyclones (also known as typhoons and hurricanes)
 Thunderstorms
 Hailstorms
 Tornados
 Blizzards
 Heavy snowfall
 Avalanches
 Coastal storm surges
 Floods including flash floods
 Drought
 Heatwaves and cold spells
 Hydrometeor Logical conditions also can be a factor
in other hazards such as landslides, wildland fires,
locust plagues, epidemics, and in the transport and
dispersal of toxic substances and volcanic eruption
material.
HYDROMETEOR
LOGICAL
HAZARDS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
TYPHOON
extremely large powerful,
destructive storm that occurs
especially in the region of
Philippines and China Sea
WHAT TO DO BEFORE, DURING,
AND AFTER A TYPHOON?
BEFORE THE TYPHOON:
• Store an adequate supply of food and clean water
• Prepare foods that need not to be cooked
• Keep flashlights, candles, and battery-powered radios with easy reach
• Examine your house and repair its unstable parts
• Always keep yourself updated with the latest weather report
• Harvest crops that can be yielded already
• Should you need to evacuate, bring clothes, first aid kit, flashlights, food, etc.
DURING THE TYPHOON:
• Stay inside the house
• Always keep yourself updated with the latest weather report
• Keep an eye on lighted candles or gas lamps
• Evacuate calmly
• Close the windows and turn off the main power switch
• Put important appliances and important belongings in a high ground
• Avoid the way leading to river
AFTER THE TYPHOON:
• If your house was destroyed make sure that it is already safe and stable when you enter
• Beware of dangerous animals such as snakes that may have entered your house
• Watch out for live wires or outlet immersed in water
• Report damaged electrical cables and fallen electric posts to the authorities
• Do not let water accumulate in tires, cans, or pots to avoid creating a favourable condition for
mosquito breeding
THUNDERST
ORM
a violent, short-lived weather
disturbance that is almost
always associated with
lightning, thunder, dense clouds,
heavy rain or hail, and strong,
gusty winds.
WHAT TO DO BEFORE, DURING,
AND AFTER A THUNDERSTORM?
 BEFORE THE
THUNDERSTORM
• Prepare an emergency kit
• Remove dead or rotting trees and branches that could fall and cause injury or damage during a
severe thunderstorm
• Stay inside the house
• Unplug any electronic equipment well before the storms arrived
DURING THE
THUNDERSTORM:
• Avoid contact with corded phones and devices including those plugged into electric for
charging. Cordless and wireless phones not connected to wall are okay to use
• Avoid contact with plumbing. Do not wash your hands, do not take shower, do not wash
dishes, and do not do laundry. Plumbing and bathroom fixtures can conduct electricity.
• Stay away from windows and doors, and stay off porches, patios and deks
• Avoid hilltops, open fields, the beach or a boat in water
• Do not lie on concrete floors and do not lean against concrete walls
AFTER THE THUNDERSTORM:
• Stay away from storm damaged areas to keep from putting yourself at risk
• Stay away from downed power lines and report them immediately
• Continue to listen to local radio and television stations for information
• Help people who may require special assistance
FLOOD
An overflow of water onto
normally dry land. The
inundation of a normally dry
area caused by rising water in an
existing waterway, such as a
river, stream, or drainage ditch.
 Floods can also occur in rivers when the flow rate exceeds the capacity of the
river channel, particularly at bends or meanders in the waterway. Floods often
cause damage to homes and businesses if they are in the natural flood plains of
rivers. While riverine flood damage can be eliminated by moving away from
rivers and other bodies of water, people have traditionally lived and worked by
rivers because the land is usually flat and fertile and because rivers provide
easy travel and access to commerce and industry.

 Some floods develop slowly, while others can develop in just a few minutes
and without visible signs of rain. Additionally, floods can be local, impacting a
neighborhood or community, or very large, affecting entire river basins.
WHAT TO DO BEFORE, DURING,
AND AFTER A FLOOD?
BEFORE THE FLOOD:
• Make an inventory of valuables
• Create a household emergency plan and emergency kit
• Have a copy of your insurance policy and contact information on
hand
DURING THE FLOOD:
• Avoid walking or driving through floodwaters no matter how
shallow they seem
• Turn off your gas and electricity at the main switches to avoid a fire
• Remain in the upper portion of your home or find higher ground
AFTER THE FLOOD:
• Return home when you’ve been given the all clear from officials
• Avoid downed power lines and standing water that could be electrically
changed
• Take pictures of any damaged items and contact your agent.
STORM
SURGE
is an abnormal rise of water
generated by a storm, over and
above the predicted
astronomical tides. Storm surge
should not be confused with
storm tide, which is defined as
the water level rise due to the
combination of storm surge and
the astronomical tide.
 Storm surge is the abnormal rise in seawater level during a storm, measured as
the height of the water above the normal predicted astronomical tide. The surge
is caused primarily by a storm’s winds pushing water onshore. The amplitude of
the storm surge at any given location depends on the orientation of the coast line
with the storm track; the intensity, size, and speed of the storm; and the local
bathymetry.

 Storm tide is the total observed seawater level during a storm, resulting from the
combination of storm surge and the astronomical tide. Astronomical tides are
caused by the gravitational pull of the sun and the moon and have their greatest
effects on seawater level during new and full moons—when the sun, the moon,
and the Earth are in alignment. As a result, the highest storm tides are often
observed during storms that coincide with a new or full moon.
WHAT TO DO BEFORE, DURING,
AND AFTER A STORM SURGE?
BEFORE THE STORM SURGE:
• Know your local emergency hotlines
• Prepare your emergency survival kit
• Monitor weather conditions
• Strenghthen your house
• Evacuate if necessary
DURING THE STORM SURGE:
• Stay indoors
• Stay away from floods and coastal areas
• Gather family members and stay calm
• Stay in the highest portion of your house away from windows
AFTER THE STORM SURGE:
• Thoroughly check your home
• Participate in clean-up activities
• Take photos of properties covered by insurance
FLASH FLOOD
A flood caused by heavy or
excessive rainfall in a short period of
time, generally less than 6 hours.
Flash floods are usually
characterized by raging torrents after
heavy rains that rip through river
beds, urban streets, or mountain
canyons sweeping everything before
them.
WHAT TO DO BEFORE, DURING,
AND AFTER A FLASH FLOOD?
BEFORE THE FLASH FLOOD:
• Have an emergency kit
• Consider food insurance
• Stay informed
DURING THE FLASH FLOOD:
• Follow guidance from local authorities
• Move to higher ground
• Keep children away from dirty water
• Wash hands frequently
AFTER THE FLASH FLOOD:
• Ensure utilities are restored
• Clean or discard contaminated items
EL NIÑO
refers to the large-scale ocean-
atmosphere climate interaction
linked to a periodic warming in
sea surface temperatures across
the central and east-central
Equatorial Pacific.
 WHAT TO DO BEFORE,
DURING, AND AFTER EL NINO?
BEFORE EL NINO:
• Check status and impact of el nino
• Store drinking water
• Store instant foods
• Learn first aid
DURING EL NINO
• Drink more water everyday
• Listen to news updates
• Stay indoors to avoid contact with heat
AFTER EL NINO:
• Check your health
• Check your surroundings if everything is stable
• Listen to follow up news reports about weather conditions
LA NIÑA
represents periods of below-
average sea surface
temperatures across the east-
central Equatorial Pacific.
Global climate La Niña impacts
tend to be opposite those of El
Niño impacts.
WHAT TO DO BEFORE, DURING,
AND AFTER LA NINA?
BEFORE LA NINA:
• Listen to weather forecast
• Keep yourself updated and monitor TV reports
• Prepare your first aid kit
• Store foods
DURING LA NINA:
• Stay indoors
• Turn off electricity at the main switches if needed
• Do not wade through flood waters to avoid being electrocuted and
contracting disease
AFTER LA NINA:
• Thoroughly check your home
• Continue to listen to local radio and television information
 MARINE AND
COASTAL
HAZARDS
TIDES
Is a phenomenon cause by the position of
sun, moon, and earth.
Tides are very long-period waves that
move through the oceans in response to
the forces exerted by the moon and sun.
CAUSE OF TIDES:
• Gravity is one major cause of tides, and forces creates tides.
ISAAC
NEWTON
In 1687, Sir Isaac Newton
explained that ocean tides result
from the gravitational attraction
of sun and moon.
TWO TYPES OF TIDES
 LOW TIDES and HIGH TIDES are caused by the moon. The moon’s
gravitational pull generates something called the TIDAL FORCE. The Tidal
Force causes Earth- and its water- to bulge out on the side closest to the moon
and the side farthest from the moon. As the Earth rotates, your region of Earth
passes through the both of these bulges, you experience a HIGH TIDE. When
you’re not in one of the bulges, You experience LOW TIDE. This cycle of two
high tides and two low tides occurs most days on most of the coastlines of the
world.
THESE TWO OCCUR TWICE
MONTHLY
SPRING TIDE NEAP TIDE
 When moon, sun and earth is a  The forces working against the
lined so that is the time we other side.
experience the spring tide.
WAVES
Waves affect a large amount of
marine activities and
biochemical processes that takes
place on the ocean surface.
TYPES OF
WAVES
CAPILLAR
Y
The shortest period waves, and
first to be noticed in ocean
surface when winds start
blowing.
GRAVITY
WAVES
A consistent blowing of wind over a
substantial fetch. The force wave
become much longer tha the
therslold wavelengthe of 1.7 cm.
INFRAGRAVIT
Y WAVE
Nonlinear interaction between wave
component convent part of the energy
associated to wind-generate gravity
waves into sub harmonics period.
LONG-PERIOD
WAVE
Waves define with periods longer
than 5 minutes. Are routinely
recorded in the ocean . It is
generated by atmosphere condition
as known as seiches and storm
surge.
TSUNAMI
It is a long-period with varying
between 1 and 20 minutes and cause
by earthquake.
 SEA LEVEL CHANGES
Is a change in average height of sea surfaces.
TWO TYPES OF SEA LEVEL
CHANGES
EUSTATIC ISOSTATIC
 a global change in sea level resulting from  Local changes in sea level resulting from
an actual fall or rise in the level of the sea. the land rising or falling relative to the sea.
Thank you for GROUP 7:
• Ginalyn Davan

listening ! •

•
Shaira Mae Golondrina
Trisha Mae Docil
Janna Kaye Muncada
• Gero Pinca