SPECULATIONS IN

THE PAST
John Munoz
FIRST, LET’S TAKE A LOOK OF THE MODALS
 MAY
MIGHT
MUST COULD

Cond 3

50/50

100%
CAN’T
COULDN’T SHOULD
LET’S TAKE A LOOK OF THESE EXAMPLES!

=100%
possibility in
the past
The lights are off. They must
have gone out.
I never see Juan and Kathe
together anymore. They must
have broken up.
LET’S TAKE A LOOK OF THESE EXAMPLES!
=50%
HAVE
possibility in
the past

I think they may have won, but we

didn’t try so hard.
I don’t know, it might have been
different if you were there.
LET’S TAKE A LOOK OF THESE EXAMPLES!
=0%
HAVE possibility in
the past
 LET’S TAKE A LOOK OF THESE EXAMPLES!
= REGRETS,
HAVE ADVICE
When you write to your girlfriend to say
something really bad and then she stars writing
and writing and writing on WhatsApp
Say something using the perfect
modals. Choose one and say
three sentences.

Situation 1: You’ve got

stomach ache.

Situation 2: he got pulled over

by the police.
LET’S LISTEN AND COMPLETE THE STATEMETS
1. David _________ _________ __________ earlier.
2. You _________ _________ ___________ a good lawyer.
3. It __________ __________ _________ that long to complete. (negative)
4. We _________ _________ __________ something.
5. They ________ _________ __________ a little more to eat.
6. The bus driver _________ __________ _________ us off at that other stop.
7. She _________ __________ __________ about her appointment.
8. You _________ _________ _________ that. (negative)
9. I _________ _________ _________ you a ride if you had asked.
10. __________ they _________ __________ their assignment by now? (negative)
You went to Moscow in
February? It … have been What a bad day! You not You went to China? That
cold!  have … gone out.  50% … have been exciting! 
SUR 100%
 A must  100 A must   A may 
% E SURE
B could  B could   B must 
 C can  SUR C may   C should 
E

We … have stayed home. The dog just got out, it … You … have brought a
That movie was terrible!  have gone far.  jacket. It´s so cold
 A will   A must  ADVIC
tonight! 
 B must   B wouldn't   E A should  ADVIC
 C should  REGRE
T
 C can't   B may  E

C will 
It … not have been the
best cake you ever made, If he had been in the
but it was still pretty 0% competition he … have
good.  POSSSIBL
E been the winner. 
 A should  50%
A will  50%
 B may  SUR B might  POSSIBL
E
 C can  E C should