Signals and Systems

Class 8
3.5 Symmetry Properties of the
Fourier series Coefficients
Coefficient x(t) has DC x(t) has no DC
a X
0 0 0 =0
a x(t) is even x(t) is odd
0
n

=0
b
n
=0 0
Real and even Imaginary and odd

1 a n0  1 jb n0
X n 2 n
 2 n

1 1
 a n0  jb n0
2 n
2 n
 3.5 Symmetry Properties of the
Fourier series Coefficients
(Continuation)
For real periodic signals the twin coefficients X and X n n

are conjugates and X  X and, arg( X )   , arg( X )  

n n
n n n n

The Trigonometric Fourier Series coefficients and the

Exponential Fourier Series coefficients have this
relationship:
 1  a  jb  For real even signals, X
 n0 n

X 2
n n

is real and even (function of n )

1
  a  jb 
n

n0 For real odd signals, X

2 n n n

X a
0 0
is imaginary and odd (function of n )
 3.6 Parseval’s Theorem

1 1
P   x(t ) dt   x(t ) x (t )dt 
2 n  2
t 0 T0
t0
t 0 T0
t0
*
 X
T T
x n   n

0 0

Even more, because the conjugate property we can write:

P  X  2 X
2 n  2

x 0 n 1 n
 3.7 Line Spectra
Amplitude Spectrum, Phase Spectrum of the Series
coefficients. Only the double side Spectra
x(t ) 
n 


n  
X e e
n
j n jn0t

x(t )  X  X e e
n  1 n 


n  
X e e
n
j n jn0t

0 n 1 n
j n jn0t

x(t )  X  X e e
n  1 n 


n  
X e e
n
j n jn0t

0 n 1 n
j  n  jn0t

e e j ( n0t  n )  j ( n0t  n )

x(t )  X   2 X
n 

2
0 n 1 n

x(t )  X   2 X cos(n t   )
n

0 n 1 n 0 n

Ex CH 3: 4, 8, 10, 13, 17, 18, 20 and example 3.6 Table3.1