Cell Regulation PowerPoint

James Korcienski
AP Biology period 2
 Fluid Mosaic Model
Outside the
Hydrophilic head cell Marker Protein

Hydrophobic
tail

Fatty Acid
Chain
Receptor
Transport
Lipid Bilayer protein
protein
Inside the
cell
 Pinocytosis
Pinocytosis is cell drinking.

Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis is cell eating.

Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis is when the cell absorbs
water for chemical reactions to take
place. It is when materials are broken
down into smaller simpler materials.
The Cell Membrane

The cell membrane regulates the internal

environment of the cell. It is selectively
permeable, meaning only certain things are
able to pass through. The cell membrane
regulates the chemistry of the cytoplasm,
which can also be thought of as a chemical
soup.
Homeostasis- the process of maintaining
a state of balance by responding to the
stimuli in the ever changing
environment.

Equilibrium- the state of being in

balance, by maintaining homeostasis.

Permeability- the ability to pass through

something.

Irritability- the ability to respond to

stimuli in the environment.
 Proteins

Receptor Proteins- proteins in the cell membrane

that allow it to detect changes and send signals
inward to inform cell processes and decisions.
Transport proteins- any protein in cell
membranes that control the transport of
materials into or out from the cell.
Marker Proteins - proteins in the cell membrane
that allow the immune system to identify you and
to allow one tissue to know its bounds of other
tissues.
Endocytosis

Endocytosis is anything transported into

the cell, by the use of vacuoles or
vesicles.

Exocytosis
Exocytosis is anything being transported out of
the cell, by the use of vacuoles or vesicles.
Diffusion- the natural movement of
molecules from an area of high
concentration to an area of lower
concentration.

Facilitated diffusion - the movement of

bigger, medium-sized molecules from high to
low concentrations.

Osmosis- the natural movement of water

from an area of high concentration to low
concentration.
Hypotonic (cytolysis)
•A hypotonic condition is created when you drink a lot of
water. There is more water concentration outside than there is
inside. There is greater solute concentration inside. The water
would then rush into the cell.
•Cytolysis is the swelling of cells.

Hypertonic (Plasmolysis)
•Hypertonic conditions are created when you
eat salty food. It causes you to become thirsty.
Water concentration inside is greater than
outside. There is greater solute concentration
outside. The water would rush out of the cell
•Plasmolysis is the shriveling of cells.
Alveoli

Drowning in freshwater
Drowning in salt water

H OH H OH a

Cl
Isotonic

An isotonic situation is created when

there is just the right amount of water
and solute. There is a normal
homeostatic balance. The water
concentration inside is equal to the water
concentration outside. The solute
concentration inside is equal to the
concentration outside.
Blood cells in water
Hypotonic
Hypertonic Isotonic Cell swells and
Cell shrivels “normal” bursts

> water potential > Water

outside potential inside

Ions outside > ions Ions outside = ions Ions outside <
inside inside ions inside

End