Data Categorization

with Blockchain
Technology
Blockchain

Data network, deployed as a mathematical model with 3 main criteria:

Decentralized, Distributed and Autonomous

It enables:
• Data provenance
• Immutability
• Transparency with anonymity
• Trust
Data Science Hierarchy
Data Classification
• Geographical - Identifiability of data
• Chronological - Time frame of data
• Qualitative - Sensitivity of data
• Quantitative - Scarcity of data
Types of Data Categorization
• Content-based classification inspects and interprets files
looking for sensitive information
• Context-based classification looks at application, location,
or creator among other variables as indirect indicators of
sensitive information
• User-based classification depends on a manual, end-user
selection of each document. Relies on user knowledge
and discretion at creation, edit, review, or dissemination to
flag sensitive documents.
Data Categorization in Commercial Levels
• Restricted use data - Loss of this data effects
organizations assets, operations and individuals
• Confidential Data - Information covered by regulations,
insurance etc
• Internal Data - Potentially sensitive and internal staff data
• Public Data - To be disclosed to the public
Immutable vs. Changeable Data
• Changeable/mutable data - update in any state is across
the board
• Mutable data - changing a value in one place, changes it
for all references to that object
• Immutable data - reference always gets reassigned to a
new object
• Immutable data - equality is more reliable since a value’s
state won’t be changed
Disadvantages of Immutable Data
• No data structures with constant time update
• Loss of block free data structures
• Updates tend to require multiple allocations and can lead
to excessive “garbage collection” work
• Difficulty propogating changes, particularly for identifiable
data
Advantages of Immutable Data
• Thread safety - No synchronization issues, whichever
thread accessing object has same state as original
• No invalid state - Cannot alter data
• Better encapsulation - helps with debugging
• Simpler to test - More robust and error free code base
• More readable and maintable code - Less intermingled
and moving parts in code
• Less confusion in code
Blockchain Data Architecture
 Immutability
A normal database environment has 4 operations:
Read, Write, Update & Delete

Hello
World
 Immutability
The Blockchain only has 2 operations:
READ and WRITE
Benefits of AI to Data Science
• Allows for controlled processes from the beginning
• Gain first mover advantage in the industry - Google,
Amazon, Facebook dominated respective industries
because of building data sets
• Building large data sets can execute advanced AI models
• Building analytics - pivotal part of Machine Learning
Distributed and Autonomous Future

Society
Smart Contracts

Smart contracts are computer programs that act as

agreements where the terms of the agreement can
be pre-programmed with the ability to self-execute
and self-enforce itself
Benefits to the Organization

 Enhanced patient data security ensures patient data is protected from breaches and malicious
acts

 Consolidate patient data and make it accessible organization wide; across multiple locations and
different systems (e.g. registration / HIS systems)

 Cost savings through reducing redundant and replicated data

 Transform patient data into ‘Big Data Analytics’ by implementing techniques such as machine
learning and AI (artificial intelligence) for advanced predictions and forecasting capabilities based
on different variables
Data & Security Issues

Often the complexity of the health care system turns into financial mismanagement and errors.
Millions of dollars are spent each year on understanding which patient received what treatment from
which department and by whose authority.

Up to 40 percent of records are filled up with errors or misleading information

Miscommunication between medical professionals costs the healthcare industry a staggering $11

billion a year

Healthcare industry suffers from security breaches almost on daily basis

Between 2009 and 2017, more than 176 million patient records were exposed in data breaches
380 USD per record is the cost of each medical data breach
 Data Breaching
Prevention

 Healthcare breaches in 2019 -

exceeded 500 records
 Causes of data breaching:
• IT Hacking
• Unathorized Access
• Theft
• Loss
• Improper Disposal of Data
Forecasting and Predicting of Data
• Artificial Intelligence and Predictive Modeling can be used
to map inputs of patients
• Inputs include diagnostics, consultation, treatment
• Provide daily and hourly predictions based on data
• Predictions can be used for human resources (staffing),
patient treatment, weather forecasting
• Patients gets optimum treatment based on predictive
analytics
Why Blockchain?

Healthcare players should seriously think about blockchain in the age of health data insecurity.

40 percent of health execs see blockchain as top 5 priorities.

The global healthcare market spend on blockchain is expected to hit USD $5.61 billion by 2025,
according  BIS Research.  

Potentially able to save the healthcare industry up to USD $100-$150 billion per year by 2025 in data
breach-related costs, IT costs, operations costs, support function costs and personnel costs, and
through a reduction in frauds and counterfeit products.

Blockchain provides data provenance, transparency, security and trust. It is a technology that
promises to seal all the loopholes and securely sharing data previously deemed impossible to extract.
 Custom Blockchain Network

Anonymize & Record:

• Consultation
Medical Institution A • Prescription

Health care / Insurance

Write

Read
Write
UPLX Platform

Read
Academic / Research
Medical Institution B
SECURE MONETIZE

Encrypt and store

Pharmaceutical Companies
• Blood tests
• X-Rays
• MRIs
Medical Institution C

Interplanetary File System (IPFS)

Interoperability

External
Project Blockchain Smart contract Applications
environment
Smart contract Identity
A Verify /
environment Permit
Smart contract
environment P Existing Systems

Smart Contracts: Consult & Prescribe I

Data Security

Normal database platforms are designed to store data.

Data security is often is not built into system design.

Medical Institution A
Patient identity is secured using unique keys. No
personal data is stored in the blockchain.

A ‘WRITE’ API enables consultation and prescription

Write
Write
information to be recorded in an anonymous yet
transparent blockchain ledger.
Medical Institution B SECURE Data centralization for all hospitals or groups of
hospitals to share, single source of patient data.

Medical Institution C
Data Monetization

Each hospital group will be provided their own set of public and
Health care / Insurance
private keys which ensures unique data encryption and access
to the blockchain.
Read
Read

UPLX’s READ API enables organizations (such as academia,

Academic / Research
insurance, banks, governments etc.) to collect and review
anonymous & real-time healthcare data

Pharmaceutical Companies
Timeline
Risks

Risk Mitigation Plan

PDPA Infringement Education & managing perception

Legislation & Regulation Compliance Education & managing perception

Data specific agreements with hospitals and Consultations with legal and developing future
patients SOP

Integration with existing systems Developing easy to use API/SDK

Work closely with existing system developers
 Thank You
UPLX IS AN INITIATIVE OF:

Chulia Facilities Management Muhammadiyah Group