THE CHURCH DURING THE

SPANISH PERIOD :

THE SECULARIZATION ISSUE

 PARISH PRIEST
 Was usually a friar endorsed the candidates running
for office.
 Also approves who should be admitted to higher
educational institution in the Philippines.
 The guardian of morals in the community and the
chief sensor.
 The priest or the friar-curate is invited to important
gatherings and social events and he always occupies
the places of honor.
 ARCHBISHOP

 The highest church official in the island.

 The most powerful religious official in the colony.
 He also had a strong influence on the government
and on the nation as a whole.
 He can influence the decisions of the governor
general.
 CONFRONTATION :

 It took place between the Archbishop and the religious

officials and the Governor General since the time of Bishop
Doming Salazar during the early part of Spanish.
 Conflicts involves are :

a) Gov. General Sebastian Hurtado de Corcuera & Archbishop

Hernando Guerrero
b) Gov. General Fernando Bustamante Archbishop Fernanado
De la Cuesta.
October 11, 1719- Bustamante wa eventually murdered by a mob
led by churchmen.
 THE ARCHBISHOP WHO ACTED AS
GOVERNOR GENERAL ARE:

1. Archbishop Francisco de la Cuesta (Oct. 11, 1719 to

Aug. 6 1721)
2. Archbishop Juan Arrechederra (Sept. 21, 1745 to
Jul. 20, 1750)
3. Bishop Miguel Lino de Ezpeleta (June 1759 to May
31, 176)
4. Archbishop Manuel Rojo del Rio Y Vieyra (June
1761 to Oct. 6, 1762)
 MEMBERS OF THE CHURCH ARE
DIVIDED INTO TWO TYPES:

1. The regular clergy who belongs to religious orders.

 They are the Dominicans, Augustinians, Recollects

& Franciscans. They had three vows of chastity,
poverty, and obedience. They were supposed to live
a secluded life dedicated to prayer and meditation.
 They are supervised by their own superiors.
2. The secular clergy who does not belong to
any religious order

 It only bound by two vows, that of obedience

and chastity.
 They minister to the spiritual needs of the
people as compared to the regular clergy.
 Are under the jurisdiction of the bishop or
archbishop.
FR. DOMINGO de SALAZAR
 He became Bishop of Manila and he visits the
parishes in his domain to stop any abuses
committed
 He was a veteran missionary in Mexico and the
parish priest who were regular clergy never
objected to situation
ARCHBISHOP MIGUEL GARCIA SERRANO
 In 1620, he visit parishes under the regulars friar-
curates objected to denounce them to the king in
1622
ARCHBISHOP MIGUEL POBLETE
 In 1653, he invoking the Papal Bull of 1633
ordered all the regulars to submit to his authority
all parishes should be visited.
ARCHBISHOP DIEGO CAMACHO
 The one who told the regulars that he would
support then against the Royal Audencia in they
agreed to canonical visitation.
 He also appealed to Pope Clement XI in 1705
regarding the issue of visitation.
ARCHBISHOP FRANCISCO DE LA CUESTA

 Tried to enforce the Papal Bull of clement XI

during 1707.
 He granted the request of regulars about asking
the provision regarding the enforcement of
visitation be suspended temporarily until Pope
heard their side.
 The request remained in Limbo until 1740s.
POPE BENEDICT XIV
 In 1744 and 1745, he decreed that the friar curates
were subject to visitation/
KING CHARLES III
 In 1767, he issued a decree expelling the Jesuits not
just for Spain but its entire Empire.
THE JESUITS
 Had grown in power and influence have produced
noted educators and scientists.
 They were seen as a threat because they were accused
of causing intrigues and teaching radical ideas which
tend to subvert the people’s loyalty to the monarchy.
SECULARIZATION
 It continued during term of Governor General
Simon de Anda who replaced Gov. Raon who
died in 1770.
 The friars never forgive Gov. de Anda and
considered him one of the “bad” governor
generals.