Week 3: Topic Selection & Problem Analysis

Week 3: Topic Selection &
Problem Analysis
Prepared & Delivered by:

Dr. Khalid A. Dahleez
Business Administration Department
Islamic University of Gaza – IUG
Objectives:
 Choose a strategy for finding a successful
dissertation topic
 Generate ideas that will help in the choice of a
suitable research topic;
 Identify the attributes of a good research topic;
 Turn research ideas into a research project that has
clear research question (s) and objectives;
 know how to check out whether a topic will succeed
 Identify a Suitable Research Gap (Contribution)
 Setting out the stages of your research.
Research Methodlogy - Assistant 2

Prof. Khalid Dahleez
Research Journey \ Process

First Advice
 Think of research as a process.
 As your topic evolves, you may find new
questions arising that require you to create a
new search strategy;
 find additional sources;
 and challenge your initial assumptions.
 Keep an open mind throughout the process;
 be curious;
 and enjoy the detective work.

Flowcharting the Research Process (1)
Problem Discovery
Selection of Secondary (historical) data

exploratory Pilot Study
research technique Experience Survey
Case Study
Problem Definition
(Statement of research objectives)
Survey (Interview, Questionnaire)

Selection of Experiment (Laboratory, Field)
basic research Secondary Data Study
method Observation

Flowcharting the Research Process (2)
Survey (Interview, Questionnaire)

Experiment (Laboratory, Field) Collection of Data (Fieldwork)
Secondary Data Study
Observation
Editing and Coding Data
Sample Design
Data Processing and Analysis
Probability Non-Probability Interpretation of Findings

Sampling Sampling
Report

Critical Questions to be asked?
 Where to begin?
 What is my research topic?
 How to begin?
 Sources of research ideas?
 Research Gap?
 Research Contribution?
 Which Industry?
 …………..

Before you begin?
 You have a hunch (‫) لديك حدس‬
 Something is nagging (‫)ملح‬you
 Something you are dissatisfied

with
 You’ve noticed a new trend and

no one else
 You have a desire to figure

something out.
FINDING A DISSERTATION TOPIC
 It is quite possible to stumble into ‫ي‬

( ‫ ) تتعثر ف‬a
good dissertation topic.
 But by adopting a more systematic approach you

 should find a topic:
 that can be completed ‫ممكن استكماله‬
 that is suitable for your degree award‫مناسب‬
‫للماجستير‬
 that is enjoyable to complete ‫ممتع‬
FINDING A DISSERTATION TOPIC (strategies)
1. The Burning Desire strategy ‫الرغبة الجامحة‬

2. The Replication strategy ‫التكرار لدراسة سابقة‬
3. The Career Goals strategy‫بناء على توقعات المسار الوظيفي‬
4. The Practical Problem Strategy ‫بناء علىمشكلة عملية‬
5. The Convenient Access Strategy‫وفق الوصول السهل‬
6. The Tutor-driven Strategy‫وفق توجهات المشرف‬
7. The Development Of Earlier Work Strategy‫استكمال‬
‫لبحث سابق‬
8. The Important Problem Strategy‫بحثمشكلة مهمة‬
9. Horn, R. (2012). Researching and Research Methodlogy
Writing Dissertations: - Assistant
A Complete 10
Guide for Business: Chartered Institute of Personnel
and Development. Prof. Khalid Dahleez
THE BURNING DESIRE STRATEGY
 The Burning Desire strategy centres on an issue or

a problem that you have wanted to investigate for a
long time.
 The topic is important to you, although you may

nonetheless think it not specially important to the
academic world or the professional world.

The Burning Desire strategy:
TYPICAL TOPICS
Typical topics include:

• an investigation into stress relief at work
• research into the length of holiday time in relation
to work motivation
• a statistical analysis of retirement age and gender
• a study of family and/or work commitment

THE REPLICATION STRATEGY
 The Replication strategy works by finding some

published research in an area that interests you or
your organisation, and adjusting the scope and
context, and then repeating the research.
 This is a fairly common approach in commercial
and academic research because it directly builds on
existing knowledge and data and represents a
saying that is often heard in academia: ‘standing on
the shoulders of giants’.
The Replication strategy:
ADVANTAGES AND DRAWBACKS
 There are a number of positives aspects to this

strategy, including:
 The literature is well defined.
 The literature is well critiqued.
 The method may have been developed and tested.
 The possible lines of analysis are already established.
 A survey instrument or a set of interview questions may
already exist.
 The research data can be compared with other studies.
 Access and ethical issues will have been investigated.
 The one drawback with this strategy is that your own

personal motivation to complete the research may not be
as high as it would be with the Burning Desire strategy.
THE CAREER GOALS STRATEGY
 The Career Goals strategy requires you to do some analysis

of where you think your career path will lead in the next five
years, and to develop a dissertation that will assist that
career.
 When using this strategy it is also worth discussing with your
line supervisor the developmental potential of any study you
may undertake.
 In some circumstances your work organisation may have a
very particular area of its business that needs research to be
carried out.
 Researching an organisational problem may also gain some
useful support from your employer, frequently in the form
of: Research Methodlogy - Assistant 15
 time away from your normal
Prof. duties
Khalid Dahleez
The Career Goals strategy:
ADVANTAGES
 Many of the difficult-to-solve issues around carrying out
research are avoided using this strategy:
 Access to most or all parts of your organisation should be
granted once you have organisational support.
 The support your employer can provide will prove
invaluable in finding the time and motivation to complete
the research.
 You may well receive assistance from your colleagues
and superiors in dealing with the practical and intellectual
issues around the research.
The Career Goals strategy:
DRAWBACKS
 There are on the other hand some significant downsides to this
strategy that must be weighed against the benefits:
 Your dissertation performance will quickly become part of
your role and may well be assessed along with your work
performance.
 This is fine if all is going well – but research tends to have a
life and path of its own.
 Your workplace line manager may well be looking for
scope and results beyond what can be delivered in a
dissertation.
 The outcomes expected by the university for the award of a
higher degree may be substantially different from the
outcomes expected by your
Research organisation.
Methodlogy - Assistant 17
THE PRACTICAL PROBLEM STRATEGY
 Practical organisational problems exist

everywhere and can provide useful dissertation
topics.
 These topics may relate to your own organisation
or may be represented in the professional press.
 Practical problems generated from within your
own organisation may have many characteristics
of those aimed at by the Career Goals strategy,
and should benefit from the advantages of
following that strategy.
The Practical Problems strategy:
DRAWBACK
 There is one major issue to be overcome with basing
your dissertation on a practical problem from your
own organisation, and that is the need to untangle
(‫ ) يفك‬the problem and place it in a theoretical
context.
 This clarifying, untangling, and placing in theoretical

context is vital if the dissertation is to succeed in
fulfilling the requirements of your degree.
THE CONVENIENT ACCESS STRATEGY
 This strategy focuses on securing one of the most difficult

aspects of dissertations first – access – and then fitting the
research around the access you have acquired.
 The routes to access are many and varied, and include:
 a family member or acquaintance who has a senior
position in an organisation
 organisations where you have previously worked and with
which you have maintained good contacts
 the organisation in which you currently work
 organisations that have traditionally been used for
research – schools, hospitals, universities
 family-owned organisations in general
 your own university (often used as the access of last
resort)
 access through your personal networks to organisations
The Convenient Access strategy:
POTENTIAL DRAWBACKS
 The Convenient Access strategy always requires
some compromises in relation to the research as
planned from a theoretical or practical standpoint.
 You may be able to get access to look at reward
management in general, but not access to data
about individual rewards.
 As a general rule, the more confidential aspects
of organisations and employees will be
restricted.
 This requires that you follow the strategy as
stated, in that you negotiate the access rights
and then develop the research proposal.
THE TUTOR-DRIVEN STRATEGY
 Your supervising tutor will probably be involved

in a number of research areas and will generally
be responsive to developing those areas through
your dissertation.
 There is also scope to do replication studies from
the tutor’s research or a former student’s
research.
 Tutors who are managing research studies will
also be responsive to developing dissertations on
some aspect of the funded research.

The Tutor-Driven strategy:
 As with all the strategies, there are benefits from this

approach and probably some downsides.
 The main advantage to this strategy is that the tutor
will know the research area very well and will be able
to guide you quickly and efficiently towards the
appropriate literature, method and techniques of
analysis.
 The tutor will also have a personal interest in your
research and will be fully motivated to assist you in
completing the study.
 However, this approach can sometimes feel like a tutor-
set assignment, with the topic substantially driven by the
tutor, and it is very possible to become demotivated by
the apparent lack of personal control.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EARLIER
WORK STRATEGY
 This strategy builds on work you have already
completed. The topic for the dissertation is a
development of earlier work – possibly:
 a development of an undergraduate project
or dissertation
 an assignment from either undergraduate
work or higher-degree work

The Development of Earlier Work strategy:
 The advantage to this approach is that some of

the early tasks – such as reviewing the literature,
investigating the method, the collection of some
data, and some data analysis – may have taken
place.
 Most of these areas will have to be revisited and
improved upon, but the basic groundwork will
have been done.
 Dissertations developed along these lines can
sometimes become boring and tedious because
the work can seem like mere duplication of what
has been done previously.
THE IMPORTANT PROBLEM STRATEGY
 The final strategic approach to finding a dissertation topic is to

investigate one of the important problems of the time. The
notion of ‘the important problem’ changes quite quickly, and
one way to discover what is regarded as important to
academics and professionals is to scan the professional
journals, such as:
 People Management
 The Economic Journal
 The British Journal of Management
 The Sociological Review
 The British Journal of Sociology

CHECKING OUT YOUR TOPIC IDEA
 Theory: all research is driven by theory, and at
this early stage you have to discover the areas of
theory that have been used by other researchers in
completing their work.
 Empirical research: most topic areas will have
had some research carried out. You can find this
research on websites and represented in journal
articles. For very important topics, textbooks will
have some representation of the main research in
the area.
Formulating And Clarifying Your Research
Topic
 Saunders, M. N., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2016). Research methods for business students (7 ed.).
England: Pearson Education Limited.

Attributes of a good research topic (1)
Capability: is it feasible?
 Are you fascinated by ‫ منبهر‬the topic?
 Do you have the necessary research skills?
 Can you complete the project in the time available?
 Will the research still be current when you finish?
 Do you have sufficient financial and other resources?
 Will you be able to gain access to data?

Appropriateness: is it worthwhile?
 Will the examining institute's standards be met?
 Does the topic contain issues with clear links to theory?
 Are the research questions and objectives clearly
stated?
 Will the proposed research provide fresh insights into
the topic?
 Are the findings likely to be symmetrical?
 Does the research topic match your career goals?

And - (if relevant)
Does the topic relate clearly to an idea

you were given -
possibly by your organisation ?

Formulating And Clarifying Your
Research Topic

Generating research ideas
Useful Techniques
1. Rational thinking
2. Creative thinking
3. Searching the literature
4. Scanning the media
5. Brainstorming
6. Relevance Trees
7. Exploring past projects
8. Discussion
9. Keeping an ideas notebook

Rational thinking and creative
thinking
Rational thinking Creative thinking
Examining your own strengths and Keeping a notebook of your ideas

interests
Examining staff research interests Exploring personal preferences

using past projects
Looking at past project titles Exploring relevance to business

using the literature
Discussion Relevance trees
Searching existing literature Brainstorming
Scanning the media
Table 2.1 More frequently used techniques for generating and refining research ideas
Rational thinking and creative
thinking
 These techniques will generate
possible project one of two outcomes:
 One or more possible project ideas
that you might undertake;
 Absolute panic ‫ خوفوتردد‬because
nothing in which you are interested or
which seems suitable has come to
mind.

Examining own strengths and
interests
 Having some academic knowledge
 Look at those assignments for which
you have received good grade.
 You may, as part of your reading, be
able to focus more precisely on the sort
of ideas about which you wish to
conduct your research
 There is a need to think about your
future
Looking at past project title
 Dissertations;
 Theses.
Scan your university’s list of past project titles
for anything that captures your imagination
 Scanning actual research projects.
You need to beware. The fact that a project is
in your library is no guarantee of the
quality of the arguments and observations
it contains.
Discussion
 Colleagues, friends, university tutors,
practitioner and professional groups

Searching the literature
 As part of your discussions, relevant
literature may also be suggested. Sharp
et al, (2002) discuss types of literature
that are of particular use for generating
research ideas. These include:
 Article in academic and professional
journals;
 Reports;
 Books.

Scanning the media
 Keeping up to date with items in the
news can be a very rich source of
ideas

Keeping a notebook of ideas
 One of the more creative techniques that
we all use is to keep a notebook of ideas.
 All this involves is simply noting down
any interesting research ideas as you
think of them and, of equal importance,
what sparked off your thought.
 You can then pursue the idea using more
rational thinking technique later.

Relevance tree
 You start with a broad concept from which you
generate further (usually more specific) topics.
 Each of these topics forms a separate branch
from which you can generate further, more
detailed sub branches.
 As you proceed down the sub branches more
ideas are generated and recorded.
 These can then be examined and a number
selected and combined to provide a research
idea

Brainstorming
 Define your problem – that is, the sorts of ideas you are
interested in – as precisely as possible.
 Ask for suggestions, relating to the problem
 Record all suggestions, observing the following rules:
 No suggestion should be criticized or evaluated in any way
before all ideas have been considered;
 All suggestions, however wild, should be recorded and
considered
 As many suggestions as possible should be recorded.
 Review all the suggestions and explore what is meant by
each.
 Analyze the list of suggestions and decide which appeal
to you most as research ideas why.
Refining research ideas
 Using the Delphi Technique
 Conducting a preliminary study
 Continually testing out your ideas
 Integrating ideas
 Refining topics given to you by your

organisation
The Delphi technique
 This involves using a group of people who are either
involved or interested in the research idea to
generate and choose a more specific research idea.
To use this technique you need:
1. To brief the members of the group about the
research idea;
2. At the end of the briefing to encourage group
members to seek clarification and more information
as appropriate;
3. To ask each member of the group including the
originator of the research ideas based on the idea
that has been described (justification)
The Delphi technique
1. To collect the research ideas in unedited and
non-attributable form and to distribute them to
all members of the group;
2. A second cycle of the process (steps 2 to 4)in
which comment on the research ideas and
revise their own contributions in the light of
what others have said;
3. Subsequence cycles of the process until a
consensus is reached . These either follow a
similar pattern (steps 2 to 4)in or use
discussion. Voting or some other method.
Research Topic

Propose questions worth exploring.
 Propose questions worth exploring.

 Pose a few questions that seem worth researching —
questions that you want to explore;
 That you feel would interest your audience;
 and about which there is a substantial debate.
 Examples:
 How can Palestinian Academic Institutions survive
during low demand?
 ‫كيف تستطيع الجامعات الفلسطينية تحسين مستوياتها البحثية بالرغم من قلة مواردها‬
‫المالية؟‬

Refine Your Questions
 Narrow down the questions you have posed by

eliminating those that are not researchable
 According to Brink & Wood (2001) researchable
questions are
 Focused on fact not opinion – answers will help to
describe or explain a phenomenon
 “Now” questions - deal with current, significant issues
 Relevant - Generate useable information
 Action oriented - usually require you to do something
and provide direction for the rest of the research
process.

 As you think about possible

questions, make sure that they are:
 appropriate lines of inquiry for a research
thesis.
 Choose questions that are narrow (not
too broad),
 challenging (not too bland ‫غير محبوك‬/‫)عليل‬,
 and grounded (not too speculative‫) تحزيري‬.

 Examples:

 Try to avoid asking questions that start with “should,”

as this will likely elicit opinions rather than facts.
 In general, questions that elicit a “yes” or “no”
answer are not researchable because they don’t
provide direction for the research process. For
example, the question, “Is working with careless
coworkers stressful?” is likely to result in a “yes” or
“no” answer (or possibly maybe) however, as a
researcher this does not provide you with direction
for your next step. Another way to phrase this
question is “What aspects of careless coworkers are
stressful for individuals and organizations?”

Examples of research ideas and their
derived focus questions
Table 2.2 Examples of research ideas and their derived focus research
questions
Identify the Research Problem (1)
 To decide on your research problem

consider the potentially researchable
questions about your topic you identified
earlier.
 Select one that you would like to explore in
more depth
 In choosing your focus consider
 Your interests
 The literature
 Feasibility of studying the problem
 All questions you proposed focus on the

same general topic area, but they may
reflect a different dimension of the topic
(i.e., research problem) and thus will need to
be answered using different approaches.
 The questions you have identified may all be
relevant to your topic however, in order to
ensure that your research plan is focused
and appropriate, it is important to choose
one question that you think should be
addressed first.
 Start by rank ordering the “researchable

questions” you have identified in terms
of:
 relevance/significance.
 consider which interests you the most.
 Discuss with your colleagues to prioritize
and narrow down your problem.
 Return to the literature is also advisable
at this point.
 A brief Literature review helps you in:

 Checking whether others have examined a
similar problem and if so what they have
found.
 Identifying gaps and inconsistencies that
support the need for further research related
to your problem.
 Finally, feasibility issues may be uncovered
in the literature that help you rule out a
potential problem.

Finalize Research Problem
To finalize the research problem consider:

Significance (relevance to practice)
 “Researchability” (avoid moral issues)
 Nature of the problem
 Ethical considerations
Feasibility
 Time
 Funding for the study
 Researcher expertise
 Availability of participants
 Availability of facility and equipment
Moving from the problem
to a research project: Next steps
 Reviewing and critiquing the literature
related to your problem
 Find out what is known
 Identify approaches to studying the problem
 Consider theoretical approaches to studying the
problem
 Further refine your problem & purpose
 Move to the planning phase of your

study

Research Problem - Summary
 Identifying a researchable problem is
the first step in the research process and
ultimately guides the remaining steps.
 Research problems describe knowledge
gaps that need to be addressed in order
to understand or improve practice.
 Research problems can be derived from
observations, dialogue with others,
and/or the literature.

Research Problem - Summary
 A good research problem is relevant, current
and “researchable.”
 Choose a problem that is of interest to you.
 Identifying a “researchable” problem is a
creative process that requires time for
reflection.
 Seeking input from others and referring to the
literature will help to narrow your problem
down.
 A clear and focused problem statement provides
direction for the next steps of the research
process - the planning phase.
Turning ideas into research projects (3)
Writing clear research objectives
 Check your examining body’s preferences for

stated objectives
 Use a general focus question to achieve precise

objectives
Saunders et al. (2009)

Turning ideas into research projects (4)
Include SMART Personal objectives

Specific: What precisely do you hope to achieve from undertaking the
research?
Measurable: What measures will you use to determine whether you
have achieved your objectives?(Secured a career-level first job in
software design)
Achievable: Are the targets you have set for yourself achievable given
all the possible constraints?
Realistic: Given all other demands upon your time, will you have the
time and energy to complete the research on time?
Timely: Will you have time to accomplish all your objectives?

Research Topic

Writing your research proposal
Purposes of the research proposal
 To organise your ideas
 To convince your audience
 To contract with your client (your tutor)
 To meet ethical requirements

Content of your research proposal
 Title - likely to change during the process

 Background - context within the literature
 Research questions and objectives - what you
seek to achieve.
 Method - can be in two parts: research design and
data collection
 Timescale and Resources - (finance, data
access, equipment)
 References - include some key literature sources
‫مثال‪:‬‬
‫مشكلة خاصة بالمؤسسات األكاديمية الفلسطينية‬
‫‪ ‬مشكلة الدراسة‪:‬‬
‫ازدياد حدة المنافسة بزيادة عدد المؤسسات األكاديمية في فلسطين وخصوصا ً في قطاع غزة‪ ،‬وإعطاء‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫اعتمادات لمؤسسات وجامعات جديدة (‪ )18‬مؤسسة تعليم عالي (تقرير وزارة التربية والتعليم العالي‪-‬رام‬
‫هللا‪2016،‬م)‪.‬‬
‫تناقص أعداد الطلبة ل تردي األوضاع االقتصادية والحصار المفروض على القطاع منذ عشرة أعوام وما‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫سبقه من احتالل وتدمير لمقدرات القطاع وضعف قدرة األهالي على الدفع حيث بلغ عددهم (‪)94756‬‬
‫طالب في السنة الدراسية ‪ 2013-2012‬بينما أصبح عددهم (‪ )92934‬طالب في العام الدراسي ‪-2015‬‬
‫‪( 2016‬الكتاب اإلحصائي السنوي للتعليم في محافظات غزة‪2016 ،‬م)‪.‬‬
‫كل هذا أثر بشكل أساسي على الموارد المالية للجامعات وعلى أداء الموظف الجامعي‪ ،‬واتخاذ المؤسسات‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫إجراءات تقشفية نتج عنها تقليص في رواتب العاملين وتخفيض لحجم المكافآت والمعاوضات المالية‬
‫وزيادة األعباء الوظيفية (الموقع اإللكتروني لمنظمة التحرير الفلسطينية‪-‬مركز األبحاث‪2012 ،‬م)‪( ,‬عبد‬
‫الكريم‪2013 ،‬م)‪.‬‬
‫رغبة (‪ )%33‬من العاملين في قطاع التعليم العالي الفلسطيني بالهجرة وترك أماكن عملهم ألسباب مختلفة‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫(مطرية وآخرون‪2008 ،‬م)‪.‬‬
‫‪Research Methodlogy - Assistant‬‬ ‫‪67‬‬

‫‪Prof. Khalid Dahleez‬‬
‫اتجاه بحثي (تأثر أداء الموظفين)‬
‫بناءاً على ما سبق يمكن صياغة مشكلة الدراسة في السؤال الرئيسي التالي‪:‬‬
‫‪‬ما أثر االرتباط الوظيفي والدعم التنظيمي المدرك على األداء الوظيفي في‬
‫المؤسسات األكاديمية الفلسطينية ؟‬
‫وينبثق عن السؤال الرئيس التساؤالت التالية‪:‬‬
‫‪o‬ما مستوى تصورات الموظفين حول االرتباط الوظيفي في المؤسسات األكاديمية الفلسطينية؟‬
‫‪o‬ما مستوى تصورات الموظفين حول الدعم التنظيمي المدرك في المؤسسات األكاديمية الفلسطينية؟‬
‫‪ o‬ما مستوى تصورات الموظفين حول األداء الوظيفي في المؤسسات األكاديمية الفلسطينية؟‬
‫‪o‬ما مدى مساهمة االرتباط الوظيفي والدعم التنظيمي المدرك على األداء الوظيفي؟‬

‫اتجاه بحثي (تأثر أداء الموظفين)‬
‫أهداف الدراسة‪:‬‬
‫انسجاما ً مع أسئلة الدراسة فإن الدراسة الحالية تسعى لتحقيق األهداف التالية‪:‬‬
‫‪‬التعرف إلى مستوى االرتباط الوظيفي لدى العاملين بالمؤسسات األكاديمية‪.‬‬
‫‪‬التعرف إلى مستوى إدراك أفراد العينة للدعم التنظيمي الذي تقدمه المؤسسات‬
‫األكاديمية‪.‬‬
‫‪‬التعرف إلى مستوى األداء الوظيفي للعاملين بالمؤسسات األكاديمية‪.‬‬
‫‪‬تحديد طبيعة واتجاه العالقة بين االرتباط الوظيفي والدعم التنظيمي المدرك على‬
‫األداء الوظيفي‪.‬‬

‫اتجاه بحثي (عوامل نفسية وسلوكية تؤثر على األداء الطوعي)‬
‫بناءاً على ما سبق يمكن صياغة مشكلة الدراسة في السؤال الرئيسي التالي‪:‬‬
‫‪‬إلى أي م‪b‬دى تلعب الملكية‪ b‬النفسية تجاه الوظيفة دوراً وسيطا ً بين ممارسات التسويق‬
‫الداخلي التي تمارسها المؤسسات األكاديمية في قطاع غزة وسلوك المواطنة التنظيمية‬
‫للعاملين فيها؟‬
‫وينبثق عن السؤال الرئيس التساؤالت التالية‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ما مستوى تصورات الموظفين حول ممارسات التسويق الداخلي في المؤسسات األكاديمية؟‬
‫‪ .2‬ما مستوى شعور الموظفين بالملكية النفسية تجاه الوظيفة التي يؤدونها في المؤسسات األكاديمية؟‬
‫‪ .3‬ما مستوى ممارسة الموظفين لسلوك المواطنة التنظيمية داخل المؤسسات األكاديمية؟‬
‫‪ .4‬إلى أي مدى تؤثر ممارسات التسويق الداخلي على شعور الموظف بالملكية النفسية تجاه الوظيفة في المؤسسات‬
‫األكاديمية؟‬
‫‪ .5‬إلى أي مدى يؤثر شعور الموظف بالملكية النفسية تجاه الوظيفة على سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية في المؤسسات‬
‫األكاديمية؟‬
‫‪ .6‬إلى أي مدى تؤثر ممارسات التسويق الداخلي على سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية في المؤسسات األكاديمية؟‬

‫أهداف الدراسة‬
‫انسجاما مع أسئلة الدراسة فإن الدراسة الحالية تسعى لتحقيق األهداف التالية‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬التعرف على درجة ممارسات التسويق الداخلي وأبعاده المختلفة ( التدريب والتطوير‪ ،‬والتحفيز‪،‬‬
‫والرؤيا) في المؤسسات األكاديمية في قطاع غزة‪.‬‬
‫‪.2‬التعرف على درجة شعور الموظفين بالملكية النفسية تجاه الوظيفة التي يشغلونها في المؤسسات‬
‫األكاديمية في قطاع غزة‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬التعرف على درجة ممارسة الموظفين لسلوك المواطنة التنظيمية بأبعاده المختلفة (الكياسة‪ ،‬واإليثار‪،‬‬
‫والروح الرياضية‪ ،‬ووعي الضمير‪ ،‬والسلوك الحضاري) في المؤسسات األكاديمية في قطاع غزة‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬اختبار العالقة بين ممارسات التسويق الداخلي بأبعاده المختلفة ( التدريب والتطوير‪ ،‬والتحفيز‪،‬‬
‫والرؤيا) والشعور بالملكية النفسية تجاه الوظيفة في المؤسسات األكاديمية في قطاع غزة‪.‬‬

‫أهداف الدراسة (تابع)‬

‫‪ .5‬اختبار العالقة بين ممارسات التسويق الداخلي بأبعاده المختلفة ( التدريب والتطوير‪ ،‬والتحفيز‪،‬‬
‫والرؤيا) وسلوك المواطنة التنظيمية بأبعاده المختلفة (الكياسة‪ ،‬واإليثار‪ ،‬والروح الرياضية‪ ،‬ووعي‬
‫الضمير‪ ،‬والسلوك الحضاري) في المؤسسات األكاديمية في قطاع غزة‪.‬‬
‫‪.6‬اختبار العالقة بين الشعور بالملكية النفسية تجاه الوظيفة وسلوك المواطنة التنظيمية بأبعاده المختلفة‬
‫( الكياسة‪ ،‬واإليثار‪ ،‬والروح الرياضية‪ ،‬ووعي الضمير‪ ،‬والسلوك الحضاري) في المؤسسات األكاديمية‬
‫في قطاع غزة‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬اختبار دور الشعور بالملكية النفسية تجاه الوظيفة كمتغير وسيط على العالقة بين ممارسات التسويق‬
‫الداخلي وسلوك المواطنة التنظيمية في المؤسسات األكاديمية في قطاع غزة‪.‬‬

‫واجب منزلي‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬قم بزيارة صفحة المكتبة المركزية بالجامعة اإلسالمية (البحث في الرسائل العلمية)‬
‫‪http://library.iugaza.edu.ps/thesis.aspx‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ابحث عن أحد الموضوعات التي تحب وترغب البحث فيها مستقبال‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬راجع ملخص ‪ 3‬رسائل من الرسائل الناتجة عن البحث‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬اختر أحد الرسائل من بين الثالثة وقيم وناقش التالي‪:‬‬
‫‪ .a‬مدى وضوح مشكلة الدراسة (مبررات‪ ,‬أرقام‪ ,‬دراسات وتقارير‪ .)....... ,‬هل تستطيع‬
‫صياغة المشكلة بشكل أفضل؟ هل المشكلة مهمة وقابلة للبحث؟‬
‫‪ .b‬قيم السؤال الرئيس للدراسة ومدى مالءمته وانسجامه مع طبيعة المشكلة ومبرراتها‬
‫‪ .c‬قيم األسئلة الفرعية (ان وجدت) ومدى انسجامها مع السؤال الرئيس‪.‬‬
‫‪ .d‬قيم أهداف الدراسة ومدى انسجامها مع المشكلة واألسئلة‪.‬‬
‫قم بتسليم تقريرك التقييمي قبل حلول المحاضرة القادمة‪.‬‬

References
Materials in this presentation were adapted from

several sources, most visited:
 Bryman, A. (2015). Social research methods. The Unites States: Oxford
university press.
 Bryman, A., & Bell, E. (2015). Business research methods. Oxford
University Press, USA.
 Christensen, L. B., Johnson, B., & Turner, L. A. (2015). Research
methods, design, and analysis (S. Frail Ed. 12 ed.). England: Pearson
Education Limited.
 Horn, R. (2012). Researching and Writing Dissertations: A Complete
Guide for Business: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.
 Saunders, M. N., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2016). Research methods for
business students (7 ed.). England: Pearson Education Limited.
 Zikmund, W. G., Babin, B. J., Carr, J. C., & Griffin, M. (2013). Business
research methods. Cengage Learning.


Week 3: Topic Selection & Problem Analysis

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Week 3: Topic Selection &

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Research Methodlogy - Assistant 2

Research Methodlogy - Assistant 3

Research Methodlogy - Assistant 4

Selection of Secondary (historical) data

Survey (Interview, Questionnaire)

Research Methodlogy - Assistant 5

Survey (Interview, Questionnaire)

Probability Non-Probability Interpretation of Findings

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 Something is nagging (‫)ملح‬you

 Something you are dissatisfied

 You’ve noticed a new trend and

 You have a desire to figure

 It is quite possible to stumble into ‫ي‬

 But by adopting a more systematic approach you

1. The Burning Desire strategy ‫الرغبة الجامحة‬

 The Burning Desire strategy centres on an issue or

 The topic is important to you, although you may

Research Methodlogy - Assistant 11

Typical topics include:

Research Methodlogy - Assistant 12

 The Replication strategy works by finding some

 There are a number of positives aspects to this

 The one drawback with this strategy is that your own

 The Career Goals strategy requires you to do some analysis

 Practical organisational problems exist

 This clarifying, untangling, and placing in theoretical

 This strategy focuses on securing one of the most difficult

 Your supervising tutor will probably be involved

Research Methodlogy - Assistant 22

 As with all the strategies, there are benefits from this

Research Methodlogy - Assistant 24

 The advantage to this approach is that some of

 The final strategic approach to finding a dissertation topic is to

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 Do you have the necessary research skills?

 Can you complete the project in the time available?

 Will the research still be current when you finish?

 Do you have sufficient financial and other resources?

 Will you be able to gain access to data?

Research Methodlogy - Assistant 30

And - (if relevant)

Does the topic relate clearly to an idea

possibly by your organisation ?

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Examining your own strengths and Keeping a notebook of your ideas

Examining staff research interests Exploring personal preferences

Looking at past project titles Exploring relevance to business

Discussion Relevance trees

Searching existing literature Brainstorming

Scanning the media

Research Methodlogy - Assistant 35

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