Name : K.

Chandra Sekhar
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Electrical & Electronics Engg.
Institute : Govt. Polytechnic, Hyderabad
Year/Semester: I Year
Subject : Elements of Electrical Engg.
Subject Code : EE-105
Topic : Electric Current- Ohm’s Law and Resistance
Duration : 50 Minutes
Sub Topic : Introduction to Basic Principles of Electricity
Teaching Aids : PPT, Animation, Diagrams
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 Objectives

On completion of this period, you would be

able to know
• What is Engineering.
• What is Electrical Engineering.
• Why the apprehension about Electrical
Engineering?( Is it myth or fact ?)
• Electricity
• How can we define ELECTRIC
• Atomic structure
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cave Hut Building

Fig. 1

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What do you infer from this fig.1?

Evolution in human comforts.

EE-105.1 4
Candle Bulb CFL

Fig.2

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Walking man Car Aero plane

Fig.3

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What do you infer from this fig.3?

Evolution in human comforts.

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 Engineering

What is Engineering?

The application of a systematic approach to

• Structures
• Machines
• Products
• Systems or processes

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 Electrical Engineering

• The branch of Engineering related to Electricity

is called Electrical Engineering.

• Which is closely related to technologies of

machines
Heat
Light
Sound

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 Apprehensions
• Electrical Engineering involves large no. of
circuits, high mathematical equations and
hence
very difficult to study or pass the examination.
(myth)

• Electrical Engineering is very easy Learning

subject as it’s first two letters indicate. (fact)

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 Electricity

• Electricity is a form of energy which obeys

the principle of conservation of energy.
• It is superior because of
Efficient
Smokeless
Clean
Quick
Better maintenance

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 Electric
• Electric can be defined in an interesting
way is
E ---Endless Light energy
L ---Light
E ---Emitted
T -- Time
RC -----Current
Response
I -- Induced Heat energy
C -- Current
•This means that electricity is the combination of light and
heat energy.
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 Atomic Structure

• Matter

• Atom

• Nucleus

• Extra Nucleus part

• Particles in an atom
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 Matter

• Which has certain weight and occupies

some space

• Classification
 Solids
 Liquids
 Gases

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 Atom

• Smallest particle which cannot be further

subdivided

• It is building block of matter

• Structure of atom resembles with solar system

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Structure of Simple Atom

Fig.4

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 Nucleus :

• Central part of the atom

Fig.5

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 Extra nucleus part

 The region around the nucleus is called

Extra nucleus part
Particles in an atom
 Electron
 Proton
 Neutron

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Particles in an atom
Nature
Particles Location Charge of Mass (Kg)
charge

Electron Orbital 1.602 X 10 -19 C Positive 9.108 X 10 -31

shell Kg

1.672 X 10 -27
Proton Nucleus 1.602 X 10 -19 C Negative Kg

1.675 X 10 -27
Neutron Nucleus None None
Kg
Atomic Number
The no. of protons in the nucleus of an atom gives
the
atomic number

Atomic Mass Number

The total no. of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

of an atom gives the atomic mass number

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 Atomic Structure

• Arrangement of electron, proton and

neutron
Example:

Fig.6
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 Atomic structure
Example:

Fig.7

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 Shells

• Electrons are arranged themselves in the

order of 2n2
Do you know what is n?

“n” is the shell number

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• The orbiting electrons are in successive shells
Shells
• Shells are designated as K, L, M, N, and O.

• Shells are at increasing distances outward from

the nucleus.

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K - 2 Electrons

L - 8 Electrons

M - 18 Electrons

N - 32 Electrons

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 Energy Shells

Fig.8

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 Summary

• In this lesson you learnt about

 Electricity

 Matter

 Atomic structure

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 Quiz

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1. The nature of charge of electron is

a) Negative

b) Positive

c) Neutral

d) None of the above

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2. The nature of charge of proton is

a) Negative

b) Positive

c) Neutral

d) None of the above

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 Frequently asked questions

1. What is Electricity ?

2. What are the advantages of Electricity ?

3. Define Matter, Atom and Nucleus

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