MODULE 1 in Life and works of Rizal

THE PHILIPPINE IN
19 CENTURY as
TH

RIZAL CONTEXT
 SOCIAL STRUCTURE
A. HIGHEST - have the power and authority to rule over the
Filipinos
 Spanish Officials
 Peninsulares
Friars

B. MIDDLE CLASS

 Natives
Mestizos
Criollos
C. LOWEST CLASS
 Indios
 Political System and the Sources of Abuses in the
Administrative System

They collected and wasted the money of the Filipinos.

complicated functions to the unions of the church and state
Manner of obtaining the position
Term of office
Distance of the colony
Personal interest over the welfare of the State
Corrupt during the 19th century
The Spanish officials 
The Peninsulares 
The Friars 
Natives
The Mestizos 
The Indios 
 Educational System
Overemphasis on religious matters
Obsolete teaching methods
Limited curriculum
Poor classroom facilities
Absence of teaching materials
Primary education was neglected
Absence of academic freedom
Prejudice against Filipinos in the schools of higher learning
Friar control over the system
 Factors Contributed to the
Development of Filipino Nationalism:

1. Opening of the Philippines to International Trade and the Rise of

the Middle Class
2. Influx of European Liberalism
3. Opening of the Suez Canal on November 17, 1869
 Spanish Revolution of 1868 and the Liberal
Regime of  Carlos Maria Dela Torre(1869-
1871)

 Accomplishments:
 1) abolished censorship of the press and allowed unlimited discussions of
political problems and proclaimed freedom of speech
 (2) abolished flogging as a punishment
 (3) curtailed abuses particularly the tribute and the polo
 (4) allowed secular priests to be assigned to vacant parishes
 (5) reformed the Royal Audiencia to bring about speedier administration of
justice
 (6) decreed educational reforms, ordered the setting up of medical,
pharmacy, and vocational schools
 (7) created the Council of the Philippines on December 4, 1870 which was
a consultative body to study Philippine problems and propose solutions to
them.
 Rafael de Izquierdo (1871-1873),
the Cavite Mutiny of 1872 and the
Execution of GomBurZa (February
17, 1872)
THANK YOU!