Comparative Study of Potential

Liquefaction of Three Selected

Locations along the Pasig City Segment
of the Valley Fault System, Philippines
Engr. Anjerick Topacio, Engr. Alyssa Erika Ramos, Engr. Jayson
Villaester, Engr. Joanna Carla Pacamparra
Lyceum of the Philippines University - Cavite
Liquefaction

 What is Liquefaction?
 Liquefaction as an important issue
 Methods used to determine liquefaction susceptibility
 Results and Discussions
 Augmented Soil Profile Types of the NSCP 2010
 Liquefaction Safety in the Philippines
What is Liquefaction?

 A seismic – induced liquefaction is a complex ground failure

phenomenon observed when saturated loose sand deposits lose its
shear strength.
Liquefaction as an important issue

 Liquefaction has been one of the most overlooked cases in

earthquake damage prevention.
 In the Philippines, The Valley Fault System is considered as an
active fault capable of producing large magnitude events with high
rate of seismic activity.
 The study could be a step-up in liquefaction damage prevention and
could help save millions of people living on fault lines.
 The study was formulated to determine the factor of safety to
liquefaction of three selected locations along the Pasig city segment
of the Valley Fault System.
Methods used

 The study employed secondary data from geotechnical firms,

DOST-PHIVOLCS, and the local government units of Pasig city.
 The gathered quantified subsurface parameters (void ratio, ground
water level, relative density of soil, and effective confining stress)
of the selected locations were assessed using the simplified
procedure of Seed and Idriss (1997), and Das (1995) for the SPT
correction.
 The assessment aimed to determine the Factor of Safety to
Liquefaction at specific soil conditions.
Results

 The chosen locations are Barangay Ugong, Barangay Manggahan,

and Barangay Kapitolyo in Pasig city. Peak ground acceleration
used in the study was 0.4g.
 The factor of Safety to Liquefaction was computed for the three
selected locations under different magnitudes of earthquake.
Results

Magnitude Ugong Manggahan Kapitolyo

5.00 0.12 1.06 2.81
5.50 0.10 0.83 2.20
6.00 0.08 0.67 1.76
6.50 0.06 0.54 1.44
7.00 0.05 0.45 1.19
7.50 0.04 0.38 1.00
8.00 0.04 0.32 0.84
8.50 0.03 0.27 0.72
9.00 0.03 0.24 0.62
Results
Results

 As the results were tabulated and analyzed, soil profile types in the
selected locations can be generalized with respect to the factor of
safety to liquefaction computed.
 Augmentation of the Table of Soil Profile Types for Selected
Locations of the National Structural Code of the Philippines 2010
was done to further generalize the data analyzed.
 Augmented Soil Profile Types at Selected
Locations
Soil Profile Soil Profile Average Soil Properties for Top 30m of Soil Profile
Type Name/ Shear Wave SPT, N Undrained Shear Strength, Factor of Safety Due to
Generic Velocity, Vs (m/s) (blows/300mm) SU (kPa) Liquefaction, FS 
Description (at Magnitude 7.5)

SA Hard Rock >1500 -

SB Rock 760 to 1500 -
SC Very Dense 360 to 760 >50 >100 >2
Soil and Soft
Rock

SD Stiff Soil 180 to 360 15 to 50 50 to 100 >1 but <2

Profile
SE Soft Soil <180 <15 <50 <1
Profile
SF Soil Requiring Site-specific Evaluation
Liquefaction Safety in the Philippines

 As the research concluded, the Factor of Safety to Liquefaction can

be a major aid to the prevention of damage in case a devastating
seismic event occurs in the Philippines.
 With this, the Soil Profile Types table of the NSCP 2010 can further
be generalized with the inclusion of all the significant locations in
the country.
Thank you for listening!