Magmatic

fluids
(Terms, Characteristics, Geologic
Settings and, Related Deposits)
.
“Overview from
different books and
papers”

Prepared by: Guntang, Geraldine A. and, Yutuc, Allen Marvin H.

(July 25, 2020)
 Magmatic Fluids
• Magmas are naturally occurring mobile rock material that are
generated within the earth. (AGI,1980)

• According to Guilbert and Park (1986), magmatic fluid is one of

the six (6) categories of ore-bearing fluids

• These magmatic fluids could potentially later on form magmatic

ore deposits (AKA orthomagmatic ore deposits) that is useful
for economic geology. (Ridley J., 2013)

• There are multiple sites and mechanisms of compositional

magmatic evolution as well as its magmatic chemical variability
development. (Ridley J., 2013)
 Processes involved
Immiscible Melt
3
1

Assimilation

4
2

Filter Pressing

5
Crystal Fractionation

Partial Melting
 Geologic Settings and Deposits
Magmatic Fluid

Continental Affinity

Rifted Continental
Intracontinental Greenstone belts Orogenic Belts
Margin
Continental-flood-
basalt (CFB)

Anorthosite-related Tholeiite-related Komatiite-related Gabbro-related

Large layered
complexes

Meteorite impact-
related
Geochemical Concept
 Deposit’s significance
• Platinum Group element are usually used for industrial
purposes. These includes as a catalytic agent, mechanical and
device manufacturing and, electronics.

• Alkaline-carbonatite complexes are significant sources of Cu

(copper), apatite, fluorite, and, vermiculite.

• Kimberlite deposits are the primary source of industrial and

commercial diamonds (jewelry)

• Granitic pegmatite is one of the main source of nuclear energy

fuels.
 Hydrothermal
fluids
(Terms, Characteristics, Geologic
Settings and, Related Deposits)
.
“Overview from
different books and
papers”

Prepared by: Guntang, Geraldine A. and, Yutuc, Allen Marvin H.

(July 25, 2020)
 Hydrothermal Fluids
• These are hydrous fluid (water) from any source that can in
principle carry and precipitate ore minerals.

• According to John Ridley (2013), It can be generally divided into

two:
1. Hydrothermal fluids within the depth’s of the earth
2. Hydrothermal fluids on the surface of the earth

• Also, According to John Ridley (2013), hydrothermal systems

can also be divided into two
1. Magmatic and orogenic environments
2. Sedimentary environments
Processes involved
 Geologic Settings and Deposits
Island Arcs (SSZ), Hydrothermal Fluid
Orogenic belts, OIB, Continental affinity
MORB, BAB,
Intracontinental Magmatic/Orogenic Sedimentary (basins)

Magmatic Centers Syn-Orogenic Base-Metal Uranium

Porphyry deposits Orogenic Au MVT deposits

Greisin deposits Carlin-type Au SEDEX deposits
Skarn and IOCG deposits Kupferschiefer dep.
Carbonate-
replacement
deposits Unconformity-related
Epithermal deposits Tabular
Roll-front
VMS deposits
Geochemical concept
Exploration Geochemistry

Reference: Haldar, S.K (2013). Mineral Exploration - Principles and

Applications, Chapter 4: Exploration Geochemistry. P 56
 References
• Bell K, Tilton GR. 2001. Nd, Pb and Sr isotopic compositions of east African
carbonatites: evidence for mantle mixing and plume inhomogeneity. J Petrol. 42:1927–
1945. doi: 10.1093/petrology/42.10.1927
• Guilbert, J. M., & Park, C. F. (2007). The geology of ore deposits. Long Grove, IL:
Waveland Press.
• Haldar, S.K (2013). Mineral Exploration - Principles and Applications, Chapter 4:
Exploration Geochemistry. P 56
• Naldrett, A. J. (1997). Key factors in the genesis of Noril'sk, Sudbury, Jinchuan, Voisey's
Bay and other world‐class Ni‐Cu‐PGE deposits: Implications for exploration, Australian
Journal of Earth Sciences, 44:3, 283-315, DOI: 10.1080/08120099708728314
• Ridley, J. (2013). Ore deposit geology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Schulte,R.F. ,Taylor, R.D., Piatak, N.M., and, Seal II, R.R (2010).Stratiform Chromite
Deposit Model. Retrieved from:https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5070/e/pdf/sir2010-
5070e_LR.pdf
• Wilkinson, Jamie & Chang, Zhaoshan & Cooke, David & Baker, Mike & Wilkinson,
Clara & Inglis, Shaun & Chen, Huayong & Gemmell, Bruce. (2015). The chlorite
proximitor: A new tool for detecting porphyry ore deposits. Journal of Geochemical
Exploration. 10.1016/j.gexplo.2015.01.005.