Weather Charts

WEEK 3-4
 INTENDED LEARNING
OUTCOME

 Importance and use of weather charts to navigation

 Different weather chart use to monitor weather conditions at sea and their
perspective features and application
 identify common weather symbols on the various weather charts and its
meaning
 Discuss the sources of weather charts and how it is being obtained
onboard
 Differentiates synoptic and prognostic chart
WEATHER MAP
Weather map indicate
atmospheric conditions above a
large portion of the Earth’s
surface. Meteorologists use
weather maps to forecast the
weather.
USE AND IMPORTANCE OF WEATHER CHARTS

Weather charts are the fundamental basis for weather analysis and
forecasts. They are based on the data collected by weather stations on the
ground and on the data recorded at high altitudes by probes and satellites.
Most modern instruments are able to guarantee a continuous recording of
atmospheric data, but the weather charts are created using the data
recorded at preset conventional timings, so that they may be comparable
with one another in different locations around the world
 IMPORTANCE OF WEATHER CHARTS
Accurate weather predictions are important
for planning our day-to-day activities. Farmers
need information to help them plan for the
planting and harvesting of their crops. Airlines
need to know about local weather conditions in
order to schedule flights. Weather
forecasting/weather charts helps us to make
more informed daily decisions, and may even
help keep us out of danger.
VARIOUS TYPES OF WEATHER
CHARTS
SURFACE WEATHER CHART
Surface weather map was the first weather map produced, dating back to the early 19th
century. Even today, it remains the one of the most useful charts for ascertaining current
weather conditions just above the surface of the earth for a large geographic region.
• includes: isobars (joins places of equal pressure), high and low pressure areas, air
masses and fronts;
• shows actual conditions at a specific time;
• the pressure pattern is representative of the atmosphere up to 3000 feet; and
• issued 4 times daily at 6 hour intervals.
SURFACE WEATHER
CHARTS
PROGNOSTIC SURFACE CHARTS
A prognostic chart is a map displaying the likely weather forecast for a future time.
Such charts generated by atmospheric models as output from numerical weather
prediction and contain a variety of information such as temperature, wind, precipitation
and weather fronts.
• is a graphic forecast;
• shows expected surface weather at a specific time in the future; and
• issued 48 hours before they are valid and a second revised chart is issued 12 hours.
later (36 hours before they are valid).
PROGNOSTIC SURFACE CHARTS
COMMON
WEATHER
SYMBOLS
SOURCES OF WEATHER CHARTS
SOURCES OF WEATHER INFORMATION

 Commercial Radio
 Television
 Weather Fax
 Satcom satellite services
 Internet
 Other vessels
 Own observations
 Telephone
 Coast radio stations – VHF AND HF SERVICES
 Limited Coast stations
WEATHER FAX
WEATHER FAX

 Radiofax, also known as HF FAX, radiofacsimile or weatherfax, is a means of

broadcasting graphic weather maps and other graphic images via HF radio. HF
radiofax is also known as WEFAX, although this term is generally used to refer
to the reception of weather charts and imagery via satellite. Maps are received
using a dedicated radiofax receiver or a single sideband (SSB) shortwave
receiver connected to an external facsimile recorder or PC equipped with a
radiofax interface and application software.
COAST RADIO STATIONS

 VHF and HF radios are equipped in vessels, weather information can be readily obtained via
Coast Radio stations which is produced by the Bureau of Meteorology.
VIA INTERNET AND GRIB FILES
 GRIB (GRIdded Binary or General Regularly-distributed Information in
Binary form) is a concise data format commonly used in meteorology to store
historical and forecast weather data.
 You can download GRIB files via SATPHONES and SSB Radio.
COMPARISON

WEATHER FAX GRIB FILES

- RECEIVES WEATHER - REQUESTS FILES FROM WEATHER PROVIDERS
INFORMATION VIA RADIO VIA INTERNET AND RECEIVES WEATHER
FREQUENCIES. INFORMATION IN THE FORM OF FILES FROM
YOUR EMAIL.
 SYNOPTIC VS PROGNOSTIC CHART
SYNOPTIC CHART
- a chart showing the PROGNOSTIC CHART
distribution of meteorological -a chart showing the
conditions over a wide region predicted state of the
at a given moment. atmosphere for a given
PRESENT. time in the FUTURE.
REFERENCES

 https://sites.google.com/a/jeffcoschools.us/8th-grade-physical-science---
oberon-middle-school/home/weather-and-climate
 https://sielearning.tafensw.edu.au/toolboxes/MaritimeOperations/TDMMH701
AW
 https://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/marine/radiofax.htm
 https://diaryofdennis.com/2013/05/10/the-most-commonly-used-meme-font-
and-a-tutorial-how-to-create-a-meme-with-photoshop/
 https://www.dictionary.com/browse/prognostic-chart
AH TAPOS NA