Art nouveau

• Style of art and architecture that was most popular during 1890-1910,
primarily in Europe
• This style was inspired by nature form and structure, not only in flower and
plant ,but also in curved lines

SECESSION BUILDING ,VIENNA, AUSTRIA. CASA BATTLÓ.BARCELONA, SPAIN

By Gustav Klimt   In 1904 by famed
architect Antoni Gaudí ​
Gustave Strauven, Maison Saint Cyr,   Basílica de la Sagrada
Família
Brussels (1901) Antoni Gaudí
 Neo classic

The Director's Pavilion US Capitol Building

saltworks at Arc-et-Senans Washington
by Claude-Nicolas Ledoux, 1773–75.​ William Thornton (1759-1828).
The Pantheon, Paris (1756-97). Villa Godi Valmarana,
Designed by Jacques-Germain Soufflot.​  Lonedo di Lugo, Veneto,
 Early steel structure

Spa Colonnade, Mariánské Lázně, The Iron Bridge, ,

Czechia, Coalbrookdale, Shropshire,
Pont Des Arts, Paris, 1804​ Summer Garden fence, St Petersburg, 1780s​
 Romanticism

Philipp Otto Runge John William Waterhouse

 The Morning, 1808​ the Lady of Shalott, 1888,

Henry Wallis Brighton Pavilion,

The Death of Chatterton 1856 1815

 Gothic

Cardiff Castle, Wales​  Exterior of the Palace of Westminster

St Patrick’s Cathedral, New York City​ Exterior of Notre-Dame de Montréal
Basilica.​
 Wilfredor
Early skyscrapes

 Flatiron Building, 23rd Street, Chrysler Building, 405 Lexington

Broadway/5th Avenue, New York, Avenue, New York​
USA​ 1930​
1902​ Design: William Van Alen, Architec​
Design: Daniel Burnham, Architect​
Empire State Building,  350 Fifth Chicago, USA​
Avenue, New York​ 1970​
1931​ Skidmore, Owings and Merril​
Design: Shreve, Lamb &
Harmon, Architects​
        HISTORY OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE 
 
 
Before the industrial revolution, people were involved in agriculture. The daily life of humans
was totally dependent on farming. They used to cultivate, nurture and harvest the crops. There
was no invention of any simple machines to help them in their daily life. They used to make the
farming tools themselves by hand and all the arts and crafts was performed utilizing their skills.
They had to work on the farm all day to live. There was low life expectancy and other
infrastructure.  
 
During time, the field of science and technology was developing around England and Scotland.
The first crude steam engine powered machine was built by Thomas Savery, of England, in
1698. Savery built his machine to help pump water out of coal mines. Later on the 18th century,
James Watt invented electricity. Then he modified the steam engine with more improvement,
after the invention of watt. The invention of this machine brought huge revolution the sector of
industry. Steam engine bought changes in the then society. The livelihood of people was
drastically changed in the due time. Majority of the people were attracted towards industrial
activities. Citizens from farmlands migrated towards city area and got involved in the factories
due to which the industrial revolution was possible and faster. 
The direct effect of steam engine was invention of railways. These rails carried the farm crops
from one place to other. Trading was eventually developed after steam engine invention. All the
handicrafts were machinalized. Food production and the cloth factory were also improved.
Fossil fuels was also found out because of the steam engine, due to which the petroleum and ore
mining was possible. 
 
In the due time, the research of cast iron, glass and other metals production was also
influenced. The industrial cities started developing in due course of time. Majority of towns of
England were industrialized.  
 
Mass production of iron with improvement of quality and strength in the factories contributed to
the development of the cities. Women and children were also involved in working in the
factories to improve their quality of life and economic condition. The trading of iron, steel, glass
and other products were done throughout the world.  
 
The huge change was seen in the built environment, architecture and engineering. Use of these
metals in classical architecture was also practiced but the influence of modernism changed the
face of architecture. The stone made bridges were replaced with the iron made structures. The
classical style was replaced with modern art. The invention of boats, ships, etc. was done
afterwards. After the improvement in the strength of iron, the effect resulted Eiffel Tower, which
was mostly hated by the citizens at that time. Later on, it became the landmark of France.  
Crystal Palace, a modular design, was the turning point from classical architecture
to modernism. It was designed by a gardener, architect and Member of
Parliament, Joseph Paxton, and architect Owen Jones. Crystal Palace is a cast iron
and plate glass structure originally built in Hyde Park, London, to the Great
Exhibition of 1851. This building represents the innovations of that time to the
world, through the ideas of architecture of Britain. 
 Though, the Crystal Palace was criticized as the immorality of the building which
many people thought anti-social, it serves as the turning point to the ending of
classical architecture and the beginning of modern architecture. 

Thanku
Sujan pokhrel
A17/26