THE

NERVOUS
SYSTEM
 • Your nervous system connects
all your body parts and
NERVOUS transmits signals from one part
to another. It is a system of
SYSTEM cells, tissues, and organs that
regulates the body’s responses
to internal and external stimuli.
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
• The CNS serves as the main processing center for the entire nervous
system. In consist of two main components:
• A. BRAIN
• B. SPINAL CORD
A. BRAIN
• Is the organ located within the skull that functions as
organizer and is distributor of information for the body. It has
3 main parts:
• Cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem
 CEREBRUM
Large, upper part of the brain that controls
activity and thought.
CEREBELLUM

• The part under the

cerebrum that
controls posture,
balance, and
coordination.
 • The part that connects the brain to the
spinal cord and controls autonomic
BRAIN STEM functions such as breathing, digestion, heart
rate, and blood pressure.
 B.SPINAL CORD

• This serves as a channel for

signals between the brain
and the rest of the body, and
controls simple
musculoskeletal reflexes
without input of the brain.
PERIPHERA
L NERVOUS
SYSTEM
The PNS connects the
central nervous system to
the organs and limbs.
 • This system is
associated with
the voluntary
control of body
movements and
has main parts:

SOMATIC NERVOUS
SYSTEM
Main parts: SPINAL
NERVE

• The nerves that carry motor

and sensory signals between
the spinal cord and the body.
 Main parts:
CRANIAL
NERVES
The nerve fibers that carry
information into and out of the
brain stem.
 THIS SYSTEM
IS ASSOCIATED
WITH THE
INVOLUNTARY
CONTROL OF
BODY
MOVEMENTS
AND HAS TWO
SUBDIVISIONS:
AUTONOMI
C NERVOUS
SYSTEM
C
HETI SYM
PAT
PAT H
ASYM ETI
C
R
PA
• IS ACTIVATED WHEN THE BODY IS IN
DYNAMIC ROLE OF STRESS (E.G.,
INREASED HEART RATE AND
BREATHING, DILATION OF PUPIL,
SWEATING)

SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS
SYSTEM
PARASYMPATHETIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM
IT MAINTAINS BODY FUNCTIONS AND
RESTORES THE BODY TO NORMAL OR RELAXED
MODE
 THE NERVE CELL

• The basic unit of the

nervous system
• They called neurons
Basic parts of a
Neuron
FACS ABOUT
NEURONS
 • There are 12-14 billions of
neurons in one part of the
brain alone.
• A neuron has a cell body
called NUCLEUS
• DENDRITES-carry impulses
toward the cell body.
• A cell may have as many as
200 dendrites carrying
impulses toward from the
cell body.
• AXON-pass impulses to the
dendrites of other neurons
or cell body of muscle cells.
The Neuron