General factors influencing opening and

cleaning
• Type of opening device
• Speed on the opening device
• Degree of penetration into the material
• Type of feed
• Spacing of the feed from the opening device
• Type of grid
• Area of the grid surface
• Grid settings and air flow through the grid
• Condition of pre-opening
• Thickness of feed mat
• Material throughput rate
• Position of the machine in the machine sequence
Feeding Apparatus
Feed with two clamping rollers:
• Best controlling
• Best forward motion
• Greatest clamping distance. So, poor opening

Feed with an upper roller and bottom plate:

• Very small clamping distance, therefore intensive
opening
• Clamping over the whole width in poor as the
roller presses on the highest point of the material
only. Therefore, thin places can be dragged out as
clumps.

Feed with an upper roller and pedal:

• Table is divided into multiple sections which press
on the roller.
• Provides secure clamping with a small clamping
distance.
 Spiked lattice

• Serve as forwarding and opening devices.

• Steel spikes are set on wooden or aluminum
bars.
• The spikes penetrate the material and carry
them along.
• Opening occurs when the spike drag small tufts
out of the large infeed material.
 Rotating devices

Double
pinned
drum

Spiked roller Roller with

two sided
teeth

Roller with
toothed
discs

Porcupine roller
Carding rollers:
• Saw tooth wire
• Gives finest opening and best cleaning
• Stresses the fibers most severely
• Generally used at the end of the line
• 1/2/3/4 such beaters can be used.

Kirschner Beater:
• Multiple bladed beater.
• Used at last machine of the line
• 800~900 rpm can be applied
• Very good opening
• Cleaning is moderate
• Very high fiber loss.

Kirschner Roller:
• Design is simpler
• Flow conditions are more favourable
• Four to six pinned bars are used instead of
three.
 Grid
• Grids are segment shaped devices under the
opening assemblies and consists of several
individual polygonal bars or blades and
together they form a though.
• Encirlces ¼ to ¾ of the rollers.
• The grid has a major influence on the
cleaning effect via
– The section of the bars
– The grasping effect of the edges of the polygonal bars
– Setting angle of the bars
– Width of the gaps between the bars
– Overall surface area of the grid.
Elements of the grid
 Grid Adjustment

Three basic adjustments are possible:

• Distance of the complete grid from the beater
• Width of the gaps between the bars (a=close, b=open)
• Setting angle relative to the beater envelope
 Zone 1: Opening/Bale feeding
The machines of this zone should be able to:
Rieter Unifloc (A-11)

• Upto 130 bales can be arranged.

• Upto 4 blends simultaneously.
• Production rate is upto 1400 kg/h
• Opening is carried out by double
toothed roller which changes its
direction of rotation on reversal.
BLENDOMAT BO-A
• Production capacity up to 2,000 kg/h
• Work-off of 1 to 3 bale groups selective
work-off on one or both sides
• Lay-down (up to 200 bales) for long,
unattend- ed operation (up to three lines
simultaneously)
• Processing of different bale heights
• Free working area to lay down a
complete reserve set of bales: Working
width max. 2,300 mm and machine
length of 50 m and more
• Constant production level in both travel
directions
• Two opening rolls ensure uniform
production and tuft size
Conventional Bale Openers
Zone-2: Pre-cleaner
• Capable of cleaning heavy trash at high
speed.
• Process the material while it is in free flight
• The striker elements are widely spaced on
the operating rollers or drums.
• Opening effect is very small.
Step Cleaner

• 3/4/6 beater rollers are used

• The beaters are arranged at 45°
angle.
• Beaters carry profiled bars.
• Elimination of impurities takes
place during passage of
materials between the beaters
and grids.
• Both beater speed and grids are
adjustable.
Pre-Cleaner Maxi-flo/CL-P

• The machine comprises of a large cleaning

chamber with two drums of 610mm diameter
rotating in the same direction.
• A fan downstream draws the material
through the machine by suction.
• The first roller carries the material over the
grids 3 times before it passes the material to
the second roller.
• The grids of the two drums are separately
adjustable.
• Production capacity 1000-1200 kg/h.
Uniclean B-12

• Contains a large cleaning drum with

special hooks.
• Material rotates over the grid 5 times.
• Speacially aranged perforated sheets are
used for dedusting.
• Gentle and effective cleaning with
minimum fiber damage.
• Production capacity 1200-1400 kg/h.
Mixing Battery
 Trützschler Multimixer MX-U

• 6-10 adjacent trunks / chambers are used. The chambers are filled successively and
material is removed simultaneously. This gives a good long term blend.
• There are take-off and beating rollers under each trunk which open and eject the
material onto the conveyor belt.
• At the end a simple suction system or a cleaner can be incorporated.
• Production capacity 750 kg/h
 Rieter Unimix B70

• Tufts are fed simultaneously into eight chambers.

• From the bottom of the chambers, a conveyor belt feeds the stock to a spiked
lattice.
• The material columns are this diverted from vertical into horizontal direction.
• This special construction with a deflection of 90° and thereby different
distances from the individual chambers to the lattice in tern results in a good
long term blending.
• Production capacity 600kg/h.