Difference

Between Bacteria
and Virus
 Assignment
• Course Title: Pharmaceutical Microbiology
• Course Code: BP124
Submitted To
MD. Moniruzzaman
Lecturer
Department of Pharmacy
Varendra University

Submitted By:
Mahbuba Parvin Shatabdi
ID: 201211018
Section: A
 Contents

Difference Between Bacteria and Virus

How Pathogenic Bacteria attack human body?

How Bacteria moves through flagella?

How Bacteria makes Toxicity of food items?

Composition of different media for growing

Bacteria

How Bacteria Causes Sepsis in Human Body?

1. Virus is nonliving
being
BACTERIA
2. Smaller than Bacteria

3. Virus don’t have any

cellular structure.
1.Bacteria is living being
4. Contain either DNA or
2.Larger than Virus
RNA
3.Bacteria have Cellular
5. Need a host cell to
Structure made of
Reproduce.
Cellwall,Cytoplasm,
nucleus etc.

4.It Contain both DNA

and RNA.

VIRUS 5.It can reproduce

independently
How Pathogenic Bacteria harms
Human Body?

Most bacteria are harmless or often beneficial,

some are pathogenic, with the number of species
estimated as fewer than a hundred that are seen to
cause infectious diseases in humans. By contrast,
several thousand species exist in the human
digestive system. Pathogenic microbes challenge
the immune system in many ways. Viruses make
us sick by killing cells or disrupting cell function.
Our bodies often respond with fever (heat
inactivates many viruses), with the secretion of a
chemical called interferon (which blocks viruses
from reproducing), or by marshaling the immune
system’s antibodies and other cells to target the
invader. 

Picture: Pathogenic Bactetia movement circ

How Bacteria moves through
flagella?
Bacteria use their flagella in an ingenious way. The
tiny propellers are structured such that when they
rotate in an anticlockwise direction, the flagella
spaced around the outside of the cell move away
from each other and act as independent units,
causing the bacterium to tumble randomly. When
the bacterium senses an attractive chemical such as
a food source, it uses a gear switch to reverse the
rotation of its motor, causing the flagella to bunch
together and act as a unified whole, propelling the
bacterium in a straight line.

Picture: Bacteria`s movement through flagella

 How Bacteria made toxicity of food items?

Some species of bacteria produce toxins. Ingestion of

food contaminated with those bacterial toxins can cause
severe cases of food poisoning. Among the
microorganisms causing FBDs are bacteria that have
different virulence factors that give them the ability to
cause a disease; among these factors, we can find toxins
that can be produced in food or once the pathogen has
colonized the digestive tract.
Composition of different media
for growing Bacteria
How Bacteria Causes
Sepsis in Human Body?
Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by the
body's response to a Bacterial infection. The body normally
releases chemicals into the bloodstream to fight an infection.
Sepsis occurs when the body's response to these chemicals is out
of balance, triggering changes that can damage multiple organ
systems.

If sepsis progresses to septic shock, blood pressure drops

dramatically. This may lead to death.
Signs and symptoms of
septic shock
Sepsis can progress to septic shock when certain changes in the
circulatory system, the body's cells and how the body uses energy
become more abnormal. Septic shock is more likely to cause death
than sepsis is. To be diagnosed with septic shock, you must have a
probable or confirmed infection and both of the following:

•The need for medication to maintain blood pressure greater than or

equal to 65 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).

•High levels of lactic acid in your blood (serum lactate) after you
have received adequate fluid replacement. Having too much lactic
acid in your blood means that your cells aren't using oxygen
properly.
Sepsis is caused by infection and can happen to anyone. Sepsis is
most common and most dangerous in:

• Older adults

• Pregnant women

• Children younger than 1

• People who have chronic conditions, such as diabetes, kidney or lung

disease, or cancer

• People who have weakened immune systems