Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Module B
http://www.tcd.ie/Economics/staff/phonohan
1
EC3040 Economics of Less-developed Countries
Module B January-May 2009
Professor Patrick Honohan
Room C6.009, Institute for International Integration Studies,
6th Floor, Arts Building, Trinity College, Dublin
Office hour: Monday 3-4pm or email me at phonohan@tcd.ie
Outline
This module begins (in January 2009) with a look at some of the economic
models that have been used to analyze cross-country differences in overall
economic growth. We then focus on international and financial dimensions to
development, including the problem of LDC debt. The final topic covers aid,
government and institutions.
Sources
Text:
Todaro, Michael P. and Stephen C. Smith. 2008. Economic Development
10th Edition (Addison-Wesley) (Earlier editions will do)
The aim is to cover Chapters 3-4 and 11-17 of the core text (Todaro and
Smith) in this module.
2
There will not be sufficient time to discuss all the material in the lectures so
students should ensure they read these chapters.
Topics
1. Theories of growth: old and new
Slides will be available here
2. International trade: Engine of growth or obstacle to development
Slides will be available here
3. Finance: “neither a borrower nor a lender be”?
Slides will be available here
4. Aid, government and institutions
Slides will be available here
3
EC3040 Economics of LDCs
Module B Topic 1
4
…we start with an animation from www.gapminder.org
5
2006
6
Deaton, JEP 2008
7
Deaton, JEP 2008
Average
growth
rates
1960-2000
8
9
What causes economic growth?
The role of capital
S sY (3.1)
I K (3.2)
Y K /k Y K / k (3.3)
SI (3.4)
12
The Harrod-Domar Model (2)
S sY kY K I (3.5)
sY kY (3.6)
Y s (3.7)
Y k
13
The Harrod-Domar Model (2)
S sY kY K I (3.5)
sY kY (3.6)
Y s (3.7)
Y k
14
15
Interlude – how good is all this data?
16
The Solow Model
S sY (3.1)
I K K (3.2) Depreciation*
SI (3.4)
Y Y
K 0
K K
18
The Solow Model (3)
Y K
K 0
Y K
19
Long-term equilibrium in simplest Solow model
sY
δK
K
20
Long-term equilibrium in simplest Solow model
sY
δK
K
21
Long-term equilibrium in simplest Solow model
sY
δK
Stationary point K
22
Long-term equilibrium in simplest Solow model
sY
δK
Stationary points K
23
Long-term equilibrium in simplest Solow model
sY high saving
low saving
δK
Stationary points K
24
Harrod-Domar and Solow model
predictions
• Harrod-Domar says growth is proportional to savings
rate …and inversely to capital-output ratio
25
26
Role of population growth in
Solow model
27
Role of population growth in
Solow model (2)
• Focus shifts from output Y and capital K to
output/labour ratio Y/L written y and
capital/labour ratio K/L, written k.
Warning: this is not the same k as in the Harrod-Domar model!
k sy (n )k
28
29
30
Quantifying the Solow model
Let’s be specific about the function f(y) in y=f(k)
31
Weil (2007). Uses Solow model Cobb-Douglas production function with capital share of 1/3
32
Weil (2007). Uses Solow model Cobb-Douglas production function with capital share of 1/3
33
Quantifying the Solow model (2)
Solow made the most of this gap: