Rizal's Exile

in Dapitan
 PRESENTERS:

Jerlyn Romero
Joval C. Tolentino
  Education
 Health
At the end of the lesson, the  Agriculture
students will be able to identify the
development brought about by  Engineering
Rizal in the folks in line with:
 Science
 Jose Rizal's arrival in Manila on
June 26, 1892 had become very
sensational among the Filipinos.
 As he had planned, on July 3,
1892 he founded the La Liga
Filipina in the house of Doroteo
Ongjunco in Tondo, Manila.
Four days after the civic organization's foundation, Jose Rizal was
arrested by the Spanish authorities on four grounds:
1. for publishing anti-Catholic and anti-friar books and articles;
2. for having in possession a bundle of handbills, the Pobres Frailes, in
which advocacies were in violation of the Spanish orders;
3. for dedicating his novel, El Filibusterismo to the three “traitors”
(Gomez, Burgos and Zamora) and for emphasizing on the novel's title
page that “the only salvation for the Philippines was separation from the
mother country (referring to Spain)”; and
4. for simply criticizing the religion and aiming for its exclusion from the
Filipino culture.
 1892-1896
Rizal lived in exile in far-away Dapitan,
a remote town in Mindanao which was
under the missionary jurisdiction of the
Jesuits, from 1892 to 1896.
 Beginning of Exile in Dapitan

The streamer Cebu which brought Rizal to Dapitan

carried a letter from Father Pablo Pastells, Superior of
the Jesuits parish priest of Dapitan. In this letter,
Father Superior Pastells informed Father Obach that
Rizal could live at the parish convent on the following
conditions:
 Conditions
1 2 3
”That Rizal publicly retract
”That he perform the church “That henceforth he conduct
his errors concerning
rites and make a general himself in an exemplary
religion, and make
confession of his past life”. manner as a Spanish subject
statements that were clearly
and a man of religion.”
pro-Spanish and against
revolution”.
 However,
Rizal did not
agree.
 He lived in the house of
commandant Captain
Carnicero.
 The relation between Rizal
and Carnicero were warm
and friendly.
A Don Ricardo
Carnicero
- a poem which Rizal
wrote for Captain
Carnicero on the
occasion of catain’s
birthday August 26,1892.
 Wins in Manila Lottery
On September 21, 1892, the mail boat Butuan was
approaching the town of Dapitan carrying a lottery ticket
No. 9736 jointly owned by Captain Carnicero, Dr. Rizal
and Francisco Equilior won the second prize of Php. 20,
000.- in the government-owned Manila lottery.
 Three esatas – amount
Rizal allotted for lottery
tickets every month.

“This was his first Vice”

– commented Wenceslao E.
Retana, his first Sanish
biographer and former enemy.
Behind the debate, Pastells and Rizal were friends as
evidently pictured when:

1. Pastells gave Rizal a copy 2. Rizal gave Pastells a bust

of Imitacion deCristo by Fr. of St. Paul which he had
Thomas a Kempis. made Rizal continued to hear
mass and celebrate religious
events.
Rizal Challenges a
Frenchman to a Duel

Mr. Juan Lardet – a French

businessman whom Rizal
had a conflict

https://www.pexels.com/@mikebirdy
Rizal and Father Sanchez
 In his aspiration to
reconcile Rizal with
theChurch, Father Pastells
sent to Dapitan:
1. Father Obach, Cura of Dapitan

2. Fr. Jose Vilaclara, Cura of

Dipolog

3.Fr. Francisco Paula de Sanchez,

Rizal’s favorite teacher at Ateneo de
Manila
 TRIVIA:
Estudios sobre la lengua tagala
– manuscript which Rizal gave
to Sanchez on his birthday (study
of the tagalog language).
 Idyllic Life in Dapitan
Among his family members who visited Rizal were:
 His mother
 His sisters Trinidad, Maria and Narcisa
 Nephews Teodosio, Estanislao, Mauricio and
Prudencio
 Rizal built a house by
the seashore of Talisay
surrounded by fruit
trees, a school for boys,
and a hospital for his
patients.

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Rizal’s Encounter with
the Friar’s Spy
✔ Pablo Mercado – assumed name
of the spy who visited Rizal at his
house and pretended to be a
relative by showing a photo of
Rizal and a pair of buttons with
the initials P.M. as evidence of
kinship.
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 Florencio Namanan
 • a.k.a Pablo Mercado, singleand about 30 years
old who washired by the Recollect friars to spyon
Rizal’s activities.
 The secret mission of Pablo Mercado was not an
assassination attempt but espionage only.

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Rizal as a Physician
Physician
 Rizal provided free medicine to his
patients, most of them were
underprivileged.
 His skill was put into test in August
1893 when his mother, Doña Teodora
Alonzo, was placed under opthalmic
surgery for the third time.
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 Patients of Rizal

Don Ignacio Tumarong Don Florencio Azcarraga

• Rizal’s patient who was • Rich hacendero of
able to see again after Aklan who was cured of
his operation; eye ailment;
• he paid Rizal P3,000. • in turn he gave Rizal a
cargo of sugar.
Rizal as an Engineer
Engineer
 As a perito agrimensor (expert
surveyor), Rizal applied his
engineering knowledge by
constructing a system of
waterworks to furnish clean
water to the townspeople.
Mr. H.F. Cameron

 American engineer
who praised Rizal for
his engineering
ingenuity.

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Community Projects for Dapitan
1. Drained the marshes to get rid of malaria
that was infesting Dapitan.
2. Equipped the town with lighting system
using P500 one of his patients paid him.
The lighting system consisted of a coconut
oil lamps.
3. Beautified the town of Dapitan by
remodeling the town plaza and making a
huge relief map of Mindanao out of earth,
stones and grass.
 Rizal as an
Agriculturist
Agriculturist
 Rizal acquired total land
holdings of 70 hectares
where 6,000 hemp plants,
1,000 coconut trees and
numerous fruit trees,
sugarcane, corn, coffee and
cacao were planted.
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 He planned to establish an agricultural colony
in Sitio Ponot because it was ideal for raising
cacao, coffee, coconuts and cattle. However, this
did not materialize due to lack of support from
the government.
Rizal as a Scientist
Scientist
 Rizal sent specimens he
found to the museum of
Europe especially the
Dresden Museum. In turn,
he received scientific
books and surgical
instruments.
 He had:
Built up a rich collection of
concology (consisting of 346 shells
of 203 species).
Discovered rare specimens like:
a. Draco rizali (a flying dragon)

b. Apogonia rizali (a small

beetle)

c. Rhacophorus rizali (a rare

frog)
 He had:
 Conducted anthropological,
ethnographical, archaeological,
geological and geographical
studies.
Rizal as an Educator
Educator
 Rizal established in Dapitan a
school. It began with 3 pupils
who increased to 16 and
eventually 21.
 16 of his pupils did not pay
tuition. Instead of charging
them fees, Rizal made them
work in his gardens and
construction projects.
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 Formal classes were between 2:00 PM and 4:00 PM.
He also applied the “emperor” system like that of
Ateneo.
 During recess, pupils built fires to drive away insects,
pruned fruit trees and manured the soil.
 Outside class hours, students had gymnastics, boxing,
wrestling, stone-throwing, swimming,arnis and boating
 TRIVIA:
Hymn to Talisay
- a poem Rizal wrote in
honor of Talisay which he
made his pupils sing.
Rizal as a Businessman
Businessman
 Hemp industry –
Rizal’s most
profitable
business.
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 Once he shipped 150 bales of hemp to Manila. He
purchased hemp in Dapitan at P7 and 4 reales per picul
and he sold it to Manila at P10 and 4 reales.
 Rizal also engaged in lime manufacturing. Their lime
burner had a monthly capacity of more than400 bags of
lime.
 He organized the Cooperative Association of Dapitan
Farmers to break Chinese monopoly.
 Ramon Carreon
Rizal’s business partner in Dapitan Rizal made
profitable business ventures in fishing,copra and
hemp industries.
Rizal's Inventive Ability

1. Cigarette lighter which he

sent as a gift to Blumentritt
called “sulpukan”.
2. A wooden machine for
making bricks.
 Rizal and Josephine Bracken
• the death of Leonor Rivera
left a poignant void in Rizal’s
heart. In his loneliness, he
met Josephine.
 Josephine Bracken – Irish girl of sweet eighteen who was born
on Hong Kong.
 James Bracken and Elizabeth Jane MacBride – Josephine’s
parents who are both Irish in citizenship.
 Mr. George Taufer – man who adopted Josephine after her
mother died of childbirth.
 Mr. Taufer became blind so he sought for an ophthalmic
specialist. This is how Josephine and Rizal met.
 Manuela Orlac – Filipina companion who accompanied
Josephine Bracken to Dapitan.
Rizal and the
Katipunan
 Pio Valenzuela – emissary to Dapitan in order to
inform Rizal of the plan of Katipunan during the
meeting at a little river called Bitukang Manok.
 Venus – steamer Valenzuela boarded to reach
Dapitan.
 Raymundo Mata – blind man who came
withValenzuela to camouflage his mission.
Rizal objected Bonifacio’s project because:
The people are not ready for a revolution.
Arms and funds must first be collected
before raising the cry of revolution.
 Volunteers as Military Doctor in Cuba
 When Cuba was under revolution and raging yellow fever
epidemic, Rizal wrote to Governor General Ramon
Blanco offering his services as military doctor.
 Governor Blanco later notified Rizal of the acceptance of
the offer. The notification came along with an instruction
of acquiring first a pass for Manila from the politico-
military commander of Dapitan.
“The Song of the Traveler”

 Upon receiving the acceptance

of his offer to go to Europe then
to Cuba to help in the curing of
patients suffering yellow fever,
he wrote a poem “El Canto del
Viajero”.

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Adios, Dapitan
 España – steamer which brought Rizal to Manila from
Dapitan.
 Rizal was accompanied by Josephine, Narcisa, Angelica
(Narcisa’s daughter), his three nephews and six pupils.
 As farewell, the town brass of Dapitan played the
dolorous Funeral March of Chopin.
 He stayed in Dapitan for four years, thirteen days and a
few hours.
Thank You!