SYNCOPE

BY: P. DHILIP KUMAR

DEFINITION
Syncope is a brief lapse in consciousness accompanied
by a loss in postural tone.(fainting)
ETIOLOGY
Cardiovascular conditions like:
Primary cardiac dysarrythmias
Pulmonary emboli
Valve malfunctions
Aortic dissection
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Neuro cardiogenic shock
Contd…
Non cardiovascular conditions like:
Hypoglycemic
Unwitnessed seizure
Hysteria
Vertebro basilar transient ischemia attack
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Echocardiography to identify the structural and
anatomic defect of heart
ECG rate and rhythm to identify cardiovascular changes.
Electrophysiology study to detect ventricular
dysarrythmias
Head upright tilt table testing:
when a patient is placed in upright position around
300-800ml the blood move towards the gravity to lower
the extremities which result in slight increase in HR and
BP.
 MANAGEMENT
Treat the appropriate cause
ICD to be implanted to treat arrhythmias
Admn metaprolol to decrease the BP
Monitor BP and treat hypertension
Admn Inj. Atropine in case of bradycardia
Hypoglycemia 50% or 25% dextrose
IV fluid adm to prevent shock
Anti coagulant therapy with Heparin to prevent
pulmonary embolism
Valve replacement to valvular disorder
Do not leave the pt alone
Anti epileptic like eptoin to treat seizure.
Trendlenberg position to increase blood flow brain