Ducting

Lecture#4
DUCT categaries
1. Supply air ductwork
2. Return air ductwork
3. Fresh air ductwork
4. Exhaust (relief) air ductwork
. Mixed air duct
Duct materials
1. Galvanized Steel:
most comfort air conditioning systems

The specifications for galvanized steel sheet are ASTM A653, coating G90.
2. Aluminium:
systems for moisture laden air, special exhaust systems and ornamental duct
systems

The specifications for Aluminium sheet are ASTM B209, alloy 1100, 3003 or 5052.
3. Stainless Steel:
The specifications for stainless steel sheet are
ASTM A167, Class 302 or 304
4. Carbon Steel (Black Iron):
applications involving flues,stacks, hoods, other high temperature and special
coating requirements for industrial use
5. Copper:
It is mainly used for certain chemical exhaust and ornamental ductwork.
Non-Metallic ducts
1. Fibreglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP):
used mainly for chemical exhaust, scrubbers, and underground duct systems

Advantages are resistance to corrosion, self-insulation, excellent sound

attenuation and high quality sealing
2. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC):
Used for exhaust systems for chemical fumes and underground duct systems.
Advantages include resistance to corrosion, light weight, and ease of modification
3. Fabric
Fabric ducting, also known as textile ducts.
made of special permeable polyester material
used where air is to be supplied below the dew point without insulation
4. Flex Duct
Flex ducts consist of a duct inner liner supported on the inside by a helix wire coil
covered by blanket insulation with a flexible vapor barrier jacket on the outside
Pressure Classification
1. Low Pressure:
low-pressure applies to systems with fan static pressures less than 3 inches WC.
duct velocities are less than 1,500 fpm.
2. Medium Pressure:
Fan static pressures between 3 to 6 inches WC.
duct velocities are less than or equal to 2,500 fpm.
3. High Pressure:
fan static pressures between 6 to 10 inches WC
duct velocities are limited to 4,000 fpm.
DUCT SHAPES
duct
Round Ducts
duct shape that is the most efficient in conveying moving air is a round duct,
because it has the greatest cross-sectional area and a minimum contact surface

Some of the advantages of round ductwork include:

1. Round shape results in lower pressure drops
2. Round shape also has less surface area and requires less insulation
3. Round ducts are available in longer lengths than rectangular ducts,
4. The acoustic performance of round and oval ducts is superior their curved
surfaces allow less breakout noise.
5. Round ducts can help promote healthier indoor environments.
Rectangular Ducts
1. They create higher pressure drop

2. They use more pounds of metal for the same air-flow rate as round ducts

3. Their joint length is limited to the sheet widths stocked by the contractor

4. Their joints are more difficult to seal

Oval duct