HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT

USING NANOFLUIDS

Submitted to:- Submitted by:-

Dr. Rohit Kumar Singla Sarvjeet Singh
MED, TIET 801783012
What are Nanofluids ?

• Nanofluids are colloidal mixture of nanometric metallic or ceramic

particles in a base fluid like water, ethylene or oil.

• Nanofluids consist of a base fluid enriched with nano size particles (less
that 100 nm).

• Nanofluids possess immense potential to enhance the heat transfer

character of original fluid due to improved thermal transport
properties.
 Materials used for Nanofluids and Base fluids

Nanoparticles materials include:-

• Oxide ceramics-AL2O3, CuO
• Metal Carbides:-Sic
• Metals:-Cu, Al
• Nonmetals:-Graphite

Base fluids include:-

• Water
• Oil and other lubricants
• Ethylene
 Preparation of Nanofluids

There are two primary methods:-

Two step method-
A two-step process in which nanoparticles or nanotubes are
first produced as a dry powder. The resulting nanoparticles are
then dispersed into a fluid in a second step.

One step method-

The one step method include the simultaneously making and
dispersing the particles in the fluid to avoid agglomeration.
 Methodology
•Suresh et al synthesized Al2O3-Cu hybrid particles from powder mixture of Al2O3 and CuO in 90:10 weight
proportions .
•SynthesisAl2O3–Cu/water hybrid nanofluids with volume concentrations from 0.1% to 2% were then
prepared by dispersing the synthesized nano-composite powder in deionized water.
• The experimental results have shown that both thermal conductivity and viscosity of the prepared hybrid
nanofluids increase with the nanoparticles volume concentration.

•The experimental measurement of thermal conductivity showed a maximum enhancement of 12.11% for a
volume concentration of 2%.
 Fig 5: Enhancement of Thermal Conductivity of Al2O3-Cu in water
S. Suresh a, K.P. Venkitaraj, P. Selvakumar, M. Chandrasekar (2012) Effect of Al2O3–
Cu/water hybrid nanofluid in heat transfer, Journal of
Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 38 (2012) 54-60
 Advantages

• Adjustable properties, including thermal conductivity

and surface wet ability, by varying particle
concentrations to suit different applications

• High specific surface area and therefore more heat

transfer surface between particles and fluids.
 Limitations

• During the preparation of Nano fluids, nanoparticles have

chances of agglomerate during storage, transportation due
to which stability and thermal conductivity get effected.

• Nanoparticles like silicon are toxic in nature which can

affect the human and the aquatic environment.

• High cost of nanofluids.

 Applications

• Heat transportation
• Electronic Cooling
• Military Applications
• Medical Applications
 Conclusion

• These characteristic features of nanofluids make them

suitable for the next generation of flow and heat-
transfer fluids.

• Studies of nanofluids reveals high thermal

conductivities and heat transfer coefficients compared
to those of conventional fluids.
 Refrences:-
• M. Chandrasekar, S. Suresh, A. Chandra Bose (2010) Experimental
investigations and theoretical determination of thermal conductivity
and viscosity of Al2O3/water nanofluids, Journal of Experimental
Thermal and Fluid Science 34 (2010) 210-216.
•
S. Suresh a, K.P. Venkitaraj, P. Selvakumar, M. Chandrasekar (2012)
Effect of Al2O3–Cu/water hybrid nanofluid in heat transfer, Journal of
Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 38 (2012) 54-60
Thank you