Guide : Mr. K PRAVEEN KUMAR Sr lect, M.

tech
Project members :

V. Viswanath L8ME944
K. Madan Mohan Reddy Y7ME856
D. Lokeshwara Rao Y7ME820
A. Nageswara Rao Y7ME803
C.Martin Deepak Raju Y7ME812
“Waste Feathers turn into a value added product”
 COMPOSITE MATERIALS

There has been a growing interest to use

composite materials in structural applications

• aircraft

• space

• structures in automotives

• marine applications.
 Cond..
Advanced composites exhibit

• High specific stiffness and strength,

• Dimensional stability,

• Temperature and chemical resistance,

• Relatively easy processing.

• Light weight

• High strength to weight ratio

• Good anticorrosion properties

Most commercially produced composites

use a polymer matrix with textile
reinforcements such as glass, aramid and
carbon.
 POLYMER
An organic compound comprised of long-chain
molecules consisting of smaller repeated units called
Monomers.

Types:
•Thermoplastics
polyethylene, nylon, polyamide
•Thermosetting polymers
polyester, vinylester, epoxy
 THERMOPLASTICS

Extremely strong bonds within chain

molecules chains held by weak Van der Waals
Forces

• Molecules can slide past one-another on heating

• Polymer can be reversibly softened

 THERMOSETTING PLASTICS

• Molecular chains cross-linked through chemical

bonds

• Cannot be reversibly softened

• Cannot be bent on site

• Deteriorate irreversibly at elevated temperature

Commonly used in infrastructure FRPs

Epoxies, vinyl esters, polyesters
 COMPOSITES

Definition & Examples:

Some familiar composite materials

• Concrete : stone, sand, and cement paste

• Reinforced : concrete concrete and steel
• Wood : cellulose and lignin
• Bone : collagen and apatite
 CLASSIFICATION OF COMPOSITES

Matrix Based
• Polymer Matrix Composites (PMC)
• Metal Matrix Composites (MMC)
• Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC)

Reinforcement Based
• Fibre Reinforced Composites (FRC)
• Particle Reinforced Composites (PRC)

So our product is called

“Fibre reinforced polymer matrix composite”
Fibre reinforced polymer matrix composite

Here we use feather as a fibrous material

 Classification of fibres

• Glass fibres
• Carbon fibres
• Aramid fibres
 Glass Fibres

• Inexpensive
• Most commonly used
Several grades available:
• E-Glass
• R-Glass
• AR-Glass (alkali resistant)
• High strength, moderate modulus, medium
density
• Used in non weight/modulus critical applications
 Carbon Fibres

• Significantly higher cost than glass

• High strength, high modulus, low density
• Superior durability and fatigue characteristics
• Used in weight/modulus critical applications
 Aramid Fibres

• Moderate to high cost

• High tensile strength, moderate modulus, low
density
• Low compressive and shear strength
• Some durability concerns
• Potential UV degradation
• Potential moisture absorption and swelling
 Feathers

(a) Contour (b) Bristle (c) Semi plume (d) Down (e) Filo plume
Fibre Comparison : Stress-Strain
Scope of chicken feather fibres in composites

Recently, combination of chicken feather fibres along with

a thermoplastic binder (i.e. polypropylene or polyethylene) to
form thermally processed composites are useful for acoustic
purpose.
•Chicken has 5% to 7% of its weight in feathers (byproduct).
Over 4 billion pounds “waste”
•Economically marginal and disposal is difficult
•chicken feather “waste” as a potential source of fibres the
development of composites
Chicken feathers are approximately 91% protein
(keratin), 1% lipids, and 8% water. The
amino acid sequence of a chicken feather is very
similar to that of other feathers and also has
a great deal in common with reptilian keratins from
claws
 Gist of the research
• To analyze the physical, chemical and structural properties of
Chicken feather fibres.
• To produce the composites with blended chicken feather fibre
(matrix used is polypropylene).
• To determine the acoustic property of the composite materials.
 Requirements

1. Reinforcement (feathers)
2. Matrix (epoxy resin)
3. Hardner
Methodology
 CHICKEN FEATHER FIBRE TESTS
Physical Test Particulars
Single Fiber Strength
Moisture Content
Aspect Ratio
Apparent Specific Gravity
Chemical Durability

Chemical Test Particulars

Weights at different stages

Mechanical Properties
Young’s Modulus

Tensile Strength (ASTM D638)

SCOURING
The composites were conditioned in a standard
testing atmosphere of 21 °C and 65% relative
humidity for at least 24 hours before testing.
Flexural tests were done according to ASTM
standard D790-03.
Thank You