MODALS

PREPARED BY:
MS. JOANE C. GOMEZ
 OBJECTIVES
a. define what are modals;

b. identify the uses of different modals;

c. express permission, obligation, and

prohibitions using modals;
 OBJECTIVES
d. discuss the importance of using modals
in expressing permission, obligation, and
prohibitions in daily conversation; and

e . share thoughts about social issues using

modals through social media platform/s.
 MODALS
1. Modals are auxiliary verbs which come
before the verb.
2. These are used to indicate modality such
as permission, obligations, and prohibition.
PERMISSION
 PERMISSION
• There are modals t hat can be used when you
want to express certainty, ability, giving or
asking permission, and giving suggestions.
A.CAN- giving permission
example: You can sit beside me.
…
• expressing ability
example: I can recite the poem fluently.

B. COULD- asking permission

example: Could I open the window?
…
• giving suggestion
example: You could watch a movie or read a
book at home.

C. MAY- asking permission

example: May I ask a question?
…
• giving permission
example: You may ask question after I have
finished speaking.
OBLIGATION
 OBLIGATION
• These are modals that are used to express
something you have to do.

• Modals of obligation can be formed by using

must have + infinitive, and should.
Examples:
• Must- I must submit my project by tomorrow.
• Have- We have to be at the airport at least
two hours before the flight.
• Should- We should together for the
betterment of our country.
PROHIBITION
 PROHIBITION
• These are modals used when stating
prohibitions. This is basically adding the word
NOT to express negative response.

• It can be contracted with the use of apostrophe

(‘).
…
Examples:
• Can't- You can’t drive in this drive in this
country unless you are over eighteen.

• Mustn't- You mustn't use your phone in class.

Complete the sentences by giving the correct
modal.
1. He had been working for more than 11 hours. He
must
_____be tired after such hard work.

2. You should
______ not leave small objects lying around . Such
may be swallowed by children.
objects _____
 could read this book on our own
3.The teacher said we _____
as it is optional.

must serve the people in the

4. The government _______
best way it could.

5. The medical team ______

will be sent to special facility
this afternoon.