HOMEOSTASI

S
HOMEOSTASI
S
• From the words “homeo” - the same and
“stasis” – standing.
• The existence and maintenance of a relatively
constant environment within the body.
 VARIABLES
• Conditions in the body that can change values,
resulting to a disruption in the homeostasis of
the body.
• E.g. Body temperature, Heart Rate,
Respiratory Rate
 SET POINT
• This refers to the ideal normal value of a given
variable.
• E.g. 180/20 mm Hg, 12 – 20 bpm, 80 – 120
bpm
 NORMAL
RANGE
• Value produced when a variable increases or
decreases slightly around a set point.
 NEGATIVE
FEEDBACK
• Functions to maintain homeostasis in most of
the body systems.
• Negative means that any deviation from the
set point is made smaller or is resisted.
• E.g. Maintenance of Normal BP.
 COMPONENTS of NEGATIVE
FEEDBACK
• 1. RECEPTOR – monitors the value of a
variable.

• 2. CONTROL CENTER – establishes the set

point around which a variable is maintained.

• 3. EFFECTOR – can change the value of the

variable.
 POSITIVE
FEEDBACK
• NOT homeostatic and is rarely seen in healthy
individuals.
• Positive implies that when a deviation from a
normal value occurs, the response of the
system is to make the deviation even greater.
• Creates a cycle that leads away from
homeostasis and in some cases results to
death.
N