NOTATION of ALGORITHM

and C++ PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGE

Algorithm and Programming

Mangaras Yanu Florestiyanto

Algorithm consist of 3 parts as
follows:

1. Header
2. Dictionary/Declaration
3. Algorithm/Description
 Format Syntax Algoritma
HEADER Name/Tittile of Algorithm

DECLARATION/ Type type_name: type [subrange]

DICTIONARY Type type_name : array [min..maks] of type
{Local / Global} Var_name : type
Var_name : array [ min..maks] of type
Const name = value
Procedure Proc_name
(Input/Output[list_of_parameters : type])

BODY of The Assigment notation

ALGORITHM/ Selection/Branching notation
DESCRIPTION Looping/Iteration notation
Call notation

DESCRIPTION A collection of algorithms for each

of The Procedure or Function that is called from
ALGORITMA the Algorithm Body
 Wilis-K

“Hello world” Algorithm (in Bahasa):

Algoritma Hello_world
{ program untuk mencetak “Hello world”}

DEKLARASI
{tidak ada}

DESKRIPSI
Write(“Hello world”)

Algoritma dan Pemrograman I

Algorithm to count square
area:
PROGRAM LuasSegi4
CountSquareArea
Algoritma LuasSegi4
{program untuk
{program
{algorithmuntuk menghitung
to count area of aluas
menghitung luas segiempat
square
segiempat dengan
using its
dengan
length
diketahui
dan width} panjang
diketahui panjang dan
dan lebarnya}
lebarnya}
DEKLARASI
DEKLARASI
DICTIONARY
Luas,panjang,lebar
Luas,panjang,lebar
Area, Length, Width :integer
:integer
: integer
ALGORITMA
DESKRIPSI
ALGORITHM
panjang 
panjang
Lenght 10
 10
10
lebar 
lebar
Width 555
Luas 
Luas
Area panjang
Length *** lebar
panjang Width
lebar
write(Luas)
write(Luas)
write(Area)
 Pseudo code vs C++

Pseudo code C++

1 #include <unit_name>

2 CONST const_name = value #define const_name value

3 TYPE type_name : data_type typedef data_type type_name;

4 var_name : data_type data_type var_name;

var_name : type_name type_name var_name;

Ex. 1 #include <iostream.h>

2 CONST phi = 3.14 #define phi 3.14
3 TYPE jumlah : integer typedef int jumlah;
4 n : integer int n;
n : jumlah jumlah n;
 Statements in Body of Algorithm
Pseudo code C++
1 namavaribel  harga namavar = harga;

2 INPUT(list_of_variables) cin >> var; scanf();

cin.get(); gets();
or cin.getline();
read (list_of_variables)

3 OUTPUT(list_of_variables) cout << var; printf();

or cout << konstanta; puts();
write(list_of_variables)
4 IF <terms> THEN if (terms) action;
action or
ENDIF if (terms)
{ action;
 Selection Notation
Pseudo code C++
5 IF <terms> THEN If (terms)
action1 action1;
ELSE else
action2 action2;
ENDIF
or

If (terms)
{ action1;
}
else
{ action2;
}
 Selection Notation Cont.
Pseudo code C++
6 DEPEND ON <expression> Switch (expression)
<expression 1> : action_1 {
<expression 2> : action_2 case val_1:
………….. : …………… action_1;
<expression n> : action_n break;
or case val_2:
CASE var_name OF action_2;
expconstan 1 : action_1 break;
expconstan 2 : action_2 ……….. : ……….
………………. : …………… case val_n:
expconstan n : action_n action_n;
ELSE other_action break;
ENDCASE default: other_action;
}
 Looping Notation
Pseudo code C++
7 [initialisation] [initialisation]
WHILE <terms> DO while (terms)
list_of_action {
{there is an action so that list_of_action;
meet with stop_terms} /*there is an action so that
ENDWHILE meet with stop_terms*/
}
8 [initialisation] [initialisation]
REPEAT do
list_of_action {
{there is an action so that list_of_action;
meet with stop_terms } /*there is an action so that
UNTIL <stop_terms> meet with stop_terms*/
}
while (loop_terms);
 Looping Notation Cont.
Pseudo code
9 Var_name TRAVERSAL [start..end]
list_of_action
or
FOR var  start TO/DOWNTO end STEP counter DO
list_of_action
ENDFOR

C++
for(start; terms; step)
{
list_of_action;
}
Ex. of Pseudo code
Circle_Area
{calculate the circle area by known radius}

DECLARATION
CONST phi = 3.14
r : integer
Area : real

DESCRIPTION
r5
Area  phi * r * r
output(”Radius = ”,r);
output(”Circle area = ”, Area);
Ex. of C++
#include <iostream.h>
#define phi 3.14

main ()
{
int r;
float Area;
r = 5;

Area = phi * r * r;

cout << ”Radius : ” << r;

cout << ”\nCircle Area : ” << Area;
}
Ex. of C++
#include <stdio.h>
#define phi 3.14

main ()
{
int r;
float Area;
r = 5;

Area = phi * r * r;

printf(”Radius : %d”,r);
printf(”\nCircle Area : %f”, Area);
}
QUIZ 1

• Create a Pseudo code and a flowchart to swap 3 values from

variables below:
at first : A = 10, B = 5 dan C = 2
swap to : A = 5, B = 2 dan C = 10
QUIZ 2

• Create a Pseudo code and a flowchart to find the greatest value from
2 variables. Term : the value of each variable must be typed or manual
input and not initialised in program code.