ART, MAN

AND
SOCIETY
CRUZ MAUREEN ANNE NUNEZ, NESLIE DANES

GUEVARRA, SHAINA
TRUTHS
ABOUT
ARTS
 WHAT IS ART?

Art is a highly diverse range of human activities

engaged in creating visual, auditory, or performed
artifacts— artworks—that express the author’s
imaginative or technical skill, and are intended to be
appreciated for their beauty or emotional power.
 Art is often examined
through the interaction of
the principles and elements
of art
 PRINCIPLES OF ART
• Movement
• Unity
• Harmony
• Variety
• Balance
• Contrast
• Proportion and
pattern
 ELEMENTS OF ART
• Texture
• Form
• Space
• Shape
• Color
• Value
WHAT DOES ART DO?

A fundamental purpose common to most art forms is

the underlying intention to appeal to, and connect with,
human emotion.

Art may be considered an exploration of the human

condition, or a product of the human experience.
WHAT DOES ART MEAN?
often culturally specific, shared among the
members of a given society and dependent upon
cultural context.

purpose of works of art may be to communicate

political, spiritual or philosophical ideas, to create
a sense of beauty (see aesthetics), to explore the
nature of perception, for pleasure, or to generate
strong emotions.
Its purpose may also be seemingly
nonexistent.

- meaning of art is shaped by the

intentions of the artist as well as the
feelings and ideas it engenders in the
viewer.
WHAT MAKES ART BEAUTIFUL?
What makes art beautiful is a complicated
concept, since beauty is subjective and can
change based on context.

Beauty in terms of art usually refers to an

interaction between line, color, texture , sound,
shape, motion, and size that is pleasing to the
senses.
WHO IS AN ARTIST?

An artist is a person who is involved in the

wide range of activities that are related to
creating art.
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
• No word for artist

• Greek word “techne” is the closest relating to

“art” which means “mastery of any art or craft”.

• Latin word “tecnicus” derives the English word

technique, technology and technical which
denotes the ancient standard of equating art with
manual labor or craft.
MIDDLE AGES
• “artista” resembling to
“craftsman” or students of the
arts
• Division of major and minor arts
• Formally solidified the gap
between applied arts and fine
arts
 Currently, the term “artist” typically
refers to anyone who is engaged in
an activity that is deemed to be an art
form.

However, the questions of what is art

and who is an artist are not easily
answered. The idea of defining art
today is far more difficult than it has
ever been.
GENRES
OF
ART
 VISUAL ART
These artworks are perceived by
our eyes
• Graphic Arts and
• Plastic Arts.
 GRAPHIC ARTS
Graphic art is typically two-dimensional and
includes:
1. calligraphy,
2. photography,
3. drawing,
4. painting, and
5. printmaking.
 CALLIGRAPHY
Calligraphy is a type of visual art
related to writing. Baybayin or
Alibata (known in Unicode as
the Tagalog script) is a pre-
Hispanic Philippine writing
system that originated from the
Javanese script Old Kawi.
7th cent. AD, with
the introduction of Buddhist
manuscripts from China.
 PHOTOGRAPHY
Photography is the art, science,
and practice of creating durable
images by recording light or
other electromagnetic radiation,
Spaniards were the first ones to
introduce photography to the
Philippines dating back to 1841
 DRAWING
Drawing is a form of visual
art that makes use of any
number of drawing
instruments to mark a two-
dimensional medium
earliestknown drawings d
ate from 30,000 to 10,000
B.C - found on the walls of
caves in France and
Spain.
PAINTING
Painting is the practice of
applying paint, pigment,
color or other medium to
a surface (support base).
Earliest known
historical paintings in
the Philippines was a
mural at the Palacio Real
(Royal Palace).
 PRINTMAKING
Printmaking is the process
of making artworks by
printing, normally on paper.
In 1593, just twenty-eight
years after the arrival of
the Spaniards, Father
Domingo de Nieva (ca.
1570) built the first
printing press in
the Philippines with the
help of the Chinese printer
Keng Yong
 PLASTIC ARTS

Plastic arts are art forms which involve physical

manipulation of a plastic medium by moulding or
modeling such as sculpture or ceramics. The term
has also been applied more broadly to all the visual
(non-literary, non-musical) arts with 3-dimensional
form.
ARCHITECTURE Felix Roxas y Arroyo –
first recorded architect
from Binondo, Manila

Architecture is both the

process and product of
planning, designing and
construction.
LANDSCAPE ART
Landscape art is the depiction of natural scenery such
as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests, and
especially art where the main subject is a wide view,
with its elements arranged into a coherent composition.
 SCULPTURE
• Sculpture is the branch of the
visual arts that operates in
three dimensions, and one of
the plastic arts.
• middle of the 19th century.
Classical Philippine sculpture
reached its peak in the works
of Guillermo Tolentino (1890-
1976). His best known
masterpiece is the Bonifacio
Monument
 INTERIOR DESIGN
Interior design describes a group of various
yet related projects that involve turning an
interior space into an "effective setting for
the range of human activities" that are to
take place there. An interior designer is
someone who conducts such projects.
 CRAFT
A craft is a pastime or a profession that
requires some particular kind of skilled
work.
 CERAMIC
A ceramic is an inorganic,
nonmetallic solid prepared by
the action of heat and
subsequent cooling. Filipinos
created pottery since 3500
years ago. They used
these ceramic jars to hold the
deceased. Other pottery used
to hold remains of the
deceased were decorated with
anthropomorphic designs.
These anthropomorphic
earthenware pots date back to
5 BC.
 WEAVING
Weaving is a method of fabric production in which two distinct
sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a
fabric or cloth. Kalibo, Aklan -- The province of Aklan aims to be the
country's loom-weaving capital, with the exquisite and world-class
Pina Cloth, the "Queen" of Philippine fabrics, as its star product.
PERFORMING ARTS
Performing arts are art forms in
which artists use their body or
voice to convey artistic expression
—as opposed to visual arts, in
which artists use paint/canvas or
various materials to create physical
art objects.
 THEATRE
Theatre is a collaborative form of fine
art that uses live performers to
present the experience of a real or
imagined event before a live
audience in a specific place.

first zarzuela in
the Philippines was staged in
1878 or 1879 and was written
by Francisco Asnjo Barbieri in
1855, entitled Jugar Con Fuego
(Play with Fire).
 Music is an art form whose medium is
MUSIC sound and silence.
 Dance is a type of art that generally involves movement of
the body, often rhythmic and to music. It is performed in many
DANCE cultures as a form of emotional expression, social interaction,
or exercise, in a spiritual or performance setting, and is
sometimes used to express ideas or tell a story.
 LITERARY ARTS
Literature is the art of written work
and can, in some circumstances,
refer exclusively to published
sources.
Literature is commonly classified as having two
major forms:
fiction and non-fiction
and two major techniques:
poetry and prose

SHORT STORY
A novel is a long prose narrative
that describes fictional characters
and events in the form of a
sequential story, Nínay is the first
novel authored by a native Filipino.
Originally written in the Spanish
language by Pedro Alejandro Paterno
 when he was twenty-three years old
and while living in Spain in 1885
A short story is a brief
work of literature, usually
written in narrative
prose. Paz Marquez-
Benitez, who authored
the first Filipino modern
English-language short
story "Dead Stars"
NOVEL
PLAY
A play is a form of literature written by a playwright, usually
consisting of scripted dialogue between characters, intended for
theatrical performance rather than just reading. Plays are performed
at a variety of levels, from Broadway, Off-Broadway, regional
theater, to Community theatre, as well a University or school
productions.

DRAMA
Drama is the specific mode of fiction
represented in performance.
Differences:
• a drama is a type of play
• drama refers to a form of written literature that
is intended for performance while play refers to
a theatrical performance.
• drama is to be read and a play is to be seen
• drama is the printed text of a play while
the theater is the actual production of the play. 
• Drama and Theater are two words that we
often use interchangeably as both of them are
related to performing arts
 POPULAR ARTS
Pop art is an art movement that
emerged in the mid 1950s in Britain and
in the late 1950s in the United States.
Pop art presented a challenge to
traditions of fine art by including
imagery from popular culture such as
advertising, news, etc.
 FILM
• also called a movie or
motion picture, is a
series of still images on
a strip of plastic which,
when run through a
projector and shown on
a screen
• Dalagang Bukid - first film
produced by a Filipino is
José
Nepomuceno's Dalagang
Bukid 
 NEWSPAPER
A newspaper is a
periodical publication
containing news of
current events,
informative articles,
diverse features,
editorials, and
advertising
August 8, 1811 - Del
Superior Govierno was
the first actual
newspaper
MAGAZINES • Magazines, published on a regular
schedule and containing a variety
of content.
• Liwayway (Tagalog word meaning
"dawn") is a leading Tagalog
weekly magazine published in the
Philippines since 1922.
 
 Radio is the wireless transmission of signals through
RADIO free space by electromagnetic radiation of a frequency
significantly below that of visible light, in the radio
frequency range, from about 30 kHz to 300 GHz.

First radio in
the Philippines
started in 1924 with
the establishment of
KZKZ (AM) in
Manila, Philippines 
by Henry Herman Sr.
TELEVISION
Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium for
transmitting and receiving moving images that can be
monochrome (black-and-white) or colored, with or
without accompanying sound. DZAQ-TV began
commercial television operations on October 23, 1953,
the first fully licensed commercial television station in
the Philippines.

DECORATIVE ART
traditionally a term for the design and manufacture of
functional objects.
includes interior design, but not usually architecture.
 Performing Decorative
Visual Arts Literary Arts Popular Arts
Arts Arts
Graphic  
Plastic Arts Theatre Short Story Film
Arts
Calligraphy Architecture Music Novel Newspaper
Photograph
Landscape Dance Play Magazine
y
Drawing Sculpture   Drama Radio
Interior
Painting     Television
Design
Printmaking Craft      
  Ceramic      
 
 
  Weaving    
 
 ART
AND
SOCIET
 Art is understood and defined in the society,
according to Alice Guillermo, based on different
aspects; AS EXPERIENCE, AS EXPRESSION AND AS
COMMUNICATION.
 HOW
DOES ART
AFFECT
CULTURE
AND
SOCIETY?
• Repository of a society’s collective
memory
• Art is communication
• Art is often a vehicle for social
change.
ART IS A REFLECTION
OF SOCIETY
The arts of the Philippines reflect a society with diverse cultural influences and
traditions.