External Standard

Single Eksternal Standard

 Multiple-point External Standard
A municipal water company was having problems with its
water analysis. The problem lay in the AAS determination of
Fe at 248.3 nm. The absorbance of the water, after 5 fold
dilution was 0.646 at 248.3 nm. On a proper investigation of
the above problem a series of iron standards were prepared
by taking various volumes of a 0.0593 mg Fe per mL and
diluting up to 100 mL. Calculate the ppm in the water
sample. The absorbance of the solutions were as follows:
Volume larutan Absorbansi
stok Fe standar
(mL)
0 0,000
1 0,113
3 0,334
5 0,530
7 0,672
10 0,813
Answer
Y = 0,1402x + 0,0501
C  
Vol (ppm Absorbance 0,646  Concentration 4,25
(mL) ) Abs Diluting 5x  4,25 x 5 = 21,25 ppm
0 0 0
1 0,593 0,113
3 1,779 0,334
5 2,965 0,53
7 4,151 0,672
10 5,93 0,813
 Standard Addition
• Standard addition is a method to
determine the amount of analyte in an
unknown.
– In standard addition, known quantities of
analyte are added to an unknown.
– We determine the analyte concentration from
the increase in signal.
• Standard addition is often used when
the sample is unknown, trace or
complex.
Single Standard Addition
It also possible to make standard addition directly to the
sample after measuring Ssamp. In this case, the final
volume after the standard addition is Vo + Vs
Multiple-point Standard Addition
Single:

The signal is plotted versus the

volume of the added standard
Single:

The signal is plotted versus the

concentration of the added standard
answer
Internal Standard