Article 4

CITIZENSHIP
CITIZENSHIP
 political status/membership of a
person into the political body of the
state
 subject to the functionaries of
government
 gives person political identity,
political rights, they can participate
in any political activity of the state
 Citizen
- refers to a person having the title of
citizenship
- member of a democratic community
who enjoy full civil and political rights
 Alien
- people living in the country but not a
citizen
- popularly called as “foreigner”
 How is citizenship
acquired?
1. Involuntary – inherit by birth
Citizen by birth:
● Jus Sanguinis – blood
● Jus Soli or Jus Loci – place of
2. Voluntary
– acquisition of citizenship by
law, there are procedures
● Naturalization
– act of formally adopting a
foreigner into the political body
of the state and clothing him
with the rights and privilege of
citizenship
Section 1. The following are

citizens of the Philippines:

1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at
the time of the adoption of the Constitution;
2. Thosewhose fathers or mothers are citizens of
the Philippines;
3. Those
born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino
mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon
reaching the age of majority; and
4. Those who are naturalized in accordance with
law.
Section 2. Two types of
citizens:
1. Natural born citizens
- Filipinos from birth without having to
perform any act to acquire or perfect
their Philippine citizenship
2. Naturalized Filipino
- either born in or outside the Philippines
to non-Filipino parents
Section 3. Philippine citizenship
may be lost or reacquired in the
manner provided by law
When it can be lost:
1. Naturalization in foreign country
2. Renunciation of citizenship
3. Taking an oath of allegiance in foreign country
4. Deserter of the armed forces of the Philippines (AWOL)
5. Working in the military of foreign country
6. Expatriation (exile)
7. Cancellation of the certificate of naturalization
How citizenship is reacquired:
1. For aliens, naturalization
2. Repatriation
3. Direct act of the congress
 Section 4

If a Filipino marries an
alien, citizenship is
retained unless
renounced.
 Section 5
Dual allegiance of citizens
is inimical to the national
interest and shall be dealt
with by law.