Nomenclature of Heterocyclic Compounds

Naming monoheterocyclic compounds with more than one heteroatoms

1. Name: Prefix- Suffix – ring size - saturation

Ring size N-present N-absent

Priority decrease

O oxa O ox
Unsat sat sat
S thia S thi
olidine
ole olane
N aza N az
ine inane
ane

Unsat: means the heterocyclic ring contains at least one double bond
Sat: means all bonds in heterocyclic ring are single bonds.

1
 2. Indication of the position of hetero atoms: the highest priority atom is #1 and
continues in the direction that gives the next hetero atom the lowest number

O O O

N N S

IUPAC name: 1,3-oxazole IUPAC name: 1,2-oxazole 1,2-oxathiolane

Common name: oxazole Common name: isoxazole
3.Indication of the position of saturated atoms in Partially saturated rings
Saturated atoms are any Carbon or Nitrogen atoms that:
a. All bonds are single.
b. Not located between two oxygen , two sulfur or sulfur and oxygen atoms.

When a ring is partially saturated , the location of saturated atoms, may be designated by:
a. "#H “ (when there is only one saturated atom)
b. “ ## dihydro” ( when there are two saturated atoms)
c. “ ## dihydro-#H( when there are three saturated atoms)

S
N

S
S

N
N H
6H-1,2,5-thiadiazine 2H-1,5,2-dithiazine
2
 H
Exercise: N N

N O
N
N

H
N
HN
O
S
HN
N

O S

O 3
 O S
O

O
O

O
N
HN

O
O

N O

S
O

4
5,6-dihydro-2H-1,3-oxazine
2H-1,2-oxazine

2,3-dihydro-1,4-oxathiine 4H-1,5,2-oxathiazine

1,4,2-dioxathiine 1,3,4-oxathiazolidine