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Michaelis Menton Equation
Michaelis Menton Equation
Using mathematical tool, we can describe an enzyme’s catalytic power, its substrate affinity, and its
response to inhibitors, etc.
– Understanding of different environmental factors affecting enzyme activity and regulation of biochemical
reactions (up or down regulation of catalyst).
2. Application in Biochemical Engineering?
– Helps us in calculating reaction time, yield and optimum economic condition required for the design of a
bioreactor
k1
E S ES
k2
E P
k -1
Over the course of reaction, the concentration of the substrate falls as the concentration of
the product rises.
The progress of this reaction or any other reaction can be expressed as velocity (v) or the
rate of reaction (r); i.e. either the rate of disappearance of the substrate (S) or the rate of
appearance of the product (P).
Enzyme
Catalysed
reaction
Progress
• Over time, the
concentration of the
substrate decreases
and the
concentration of the
product increases.
Enzyme
Concentration and
Reaction Velocity
ES k 3
E + P……..eq. 2
CE0 = CES + CE …………eq. 3
• If reaction rate is slower, the rate of substrate consumption and rate
of product formation is equal to ES complex.
rate or = k3 [ES]
According to eq.1 rate of forward reaction is equal to rate of reverse
reaction.
k1[S][E] = k2 [ES]
•
• The rate equation is called the Michaelis-Menten equation
Km Tells us:
1. Max Amount of substrate
molecules per active site per
Km is a property associated with binding of S to E, second
2. Turnover Number
not a property of turnover.
PHYSICAL MEANING OF Vmax
• Vmax is the reaction velocity when the substrate concentration is high
compared to Km:
If [S] >> Km then V0 = Vmax
so [S]/(Km+[S]) = 1,
and V0 = Vmax.
Kcat or K2 and Physical meaning of kcat
• Rate of catalysis is the maximum velocity independent of how much enzyme we
originally add in the reaction
• That would be kcat = Vmax / [E]tot
k1
E S ES
k2
E P
k -1
• If more than one enzyme share the same substrate, KM will also determine how to
decide which pathway the substrate will take
• Vmax or kcat tells about rate limiting enzyme in pathway, and used to determine the
effectiveness of inhibitors and activators.