FIGURATIVE
LANGUAGE
WORKPLAN:
1. Routine Activities (10 minutes)
a. Diary, Attendance, Discuss Work plan
b. SBA Review: Context Clues
c. MOODLE Course: Figurative Language, MOODLE Quiz 1, Discussion Forum
2. Figurative Language
3. Interactive Activity 1
d. Discussion Forum on MOODLE
4. Processing of discussion and activity
e. Sharing of Insights
5. Wrap-up & Routine
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SBA
Review
◉ When authors write, they often give context clues to readers to
suggest the meanings of new or difficult words. Context clues
usually give you a sense of a word’s meaning, so you can
continue reading without referring to a dictionary.
Instead, it can be more meaningful to try to reason out the
meaning of the word, based on what we already know about it.
SBA Review
Read and analyze the sentences carefully. Then, identify the BEST
meaning of the underlined word. Write your answers on your
notebooks.
SBA Review
SBA Review
SBA Review
SBA Review
SBA Review
SBA Review
What is Figurative Language?
◉ Figurative language uses figures of speech to be more effective,
persuasive, and impactful.
◉ The primary function of figurative language is to allow readers
to imagine what a writer wants to express. Figurative language
is not meant to convey literal meanings.
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FIGURATIVE Language
◉IRONY
◉PARADOX
◉SYMBOLISM
◉Sound Device: ANAPHORA
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IRONY
IRONY
◉ It is a figure of speech in which
there is a contradiction of expectation
between what is said what is really meant.
◉ It is characterized by an incongruity, a
contrast, between reality and appearance.
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IRONY
1. VERBAL IRONY
When a speaker/poet is ironic, they are expressing ideas and feelings
using a language that conventionally would mean something quite
different or antithetical. A person may be having a horrible day, but when
asked they would instead state that, “my day is fantastic!” This statement
is ironic, more specifically it is being sarcastic.
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IRONY
2. SITUATIONAL IRONY
Situational irony occurs when the situation does not reflect the
expectations of what is happening. It is a little harder to spot in a written
text than verbal irony.
Example: a fire station burning down
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IRONY
3. DRAMATIC IRONY
This relies on an audience member being
aware of something that the characters
are not aware of.
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Example: “The Gift of the Magi” by O. Henry
In this short story, a young, poor couple
struggle with what to buy each other for
Christmas. The woman cuts her hair and
sells it to buy a watchband for her husband.
Meanwhile, the husband sells his watch face
to buy combs for his wife’s hair. This is an
example of situational irony, since the outcome
is the opposite of what both parties expect.
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Example:
“Water, water, everywhere, And
all the boards did shrink;
Water, water, everywhere, Nor
any drop to drink.”
“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”
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Why use IRONY in Poetry?
Like all other figures of speech, irony brings about some added
meanings to a situation. Ironical statements and situations in
literature develop readers’ interest. It makes a work of literature more
intriguing, and forces the readers to use their imaginations to
comprehend the underlying meanings of the texts.
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PARADOX
PARADOX
◉ A paradox is a figure of speech in which a statement
appears to contradict itself.
◉ In everyday communication, notes H.F. Platt, paradox "is
mostly used for expressing astonishment or disbelief at
something unusual or unexpected" (Encyclopedia of
Rhetoric, 2001).
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Examples:
"If you wish to preserve your secret, wrap it up in
frankness.”
Alexander Smith, 1854
“War is peace.
Freedom is slavery.
Ignorance is strength.”
George Orwell, 1984
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Example:
George Orwell’s “Animal Farm”
“All animals are equal,
but some are more equal than others.”
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Example:
Petrarch’s 134th sonnet (By Sir Thomas Wyatt)
“I find no peace, and all my war is done
I fear and hope, I burn and freeze like ice,
I flee above the wind, yet can I not arise;”
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Example:
“My Heart Leaps When I Behold”
by William Wordsworth
“The child is father of the man.”
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Why use PARADOX in Poetry?
Rather than being handed the meaning of a phrase or entire
poem, most readers enjoy a little mystery to hold their interests.
Poets may utilize paradox as an innovative form of description
that creates new images and feelings by bringing two distant
words or phrases together.
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SYMBOLISM
SYMBOLISM
A symbol is a person, object, place, event, idea or
action that suggests more than its literal meaning.
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SYMBOLISM in colors
BLA GRE YEL BLU
RED
blood, passion,
emotion, danger,
CK
passivity, death,
evil
EN LOW
new life,
E
fertility, hope
caution, decay,
decrepitude, old
peace, serenity,
eternity
or daring age
WHI PURP BRO ORAN
PINK LE
TE
light
WN heat,GE
innocence, purity, innocence,
sun
femininity
royalty earth, soil,
humility and
poverty
SYMBOLISM in nature/weather
Spring Summer Autumn Winter Light Darkness
maturity, truth, safety, evil, ignorance,
birth, new decline, nearing death, sleep,
knowledge warmth, danger
beginning death, growing old hibernation, or
stagnation knowledge
Fog Rain Storm Morning Thunder Rainbows
sadness or God’s wrath, heralds of good
isolation; violent human purity and
despair punishment fortune, heaven
confusion, emotions promise
obscurity
Why use SYMBOLISM in Poetry?
Symbolism in literature evokes interest in readers as they find an
opportunity to get an insight into the writer’s mind on how he
views the world, and how he thinks of common objects and actions,
having broader implications.
Sound Device:
ANAPHORA
ANAPHORA
It is the use of a pronoun or other linguistic unit to refer back to
another word or phrase.
In writing or speech, the deliberate repetition of the first part of the
sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect is known as
Anaphora.
ANAPHORA
EXAMPLES:
ANAPHORA
EXAMPLES:
Tintern Abbey by William Wordsworth
Five years have passed;
Five summers, with the length of
Five long winters! and again I hear these waters…
Explanation:
Wordsworth also employs the technique of anaphora in this piece. The repetition of the word
“five” at the beginning of each line gives melody to the lines, which matches well with its
nostalgic tone.
INSTRUCTIONS:
Under Unit 1, Week 1:
Answer 1.8 MOODLE Quiz
Under Unit 1, Week 1:
Answer 1.7 Discussion Forum
WRAP-UP/5S
