Introduction to

agriculture
esther s.lancita
General Information

 The term Agriculture is derived from 2 Latin words

i.e.

 Ager means “land”

 Cultura means “cultivation”
General Information

Agriculture is also defined as an art and business of

producing crops and raising or breeding of Livestock
for economic and commercial purpose.
General Information
Branches of Agriculture

 Crop production 
 Horticulture 
 Forestry 
 Animal Husbandry 
 Fishery Science 
 Agriculture Engineering 
 Home Science 
Branches of Agriculture
 Crop production - It deals with the production of
various crops, which includes food crops, fodder
crops, fibre crops, sugar, oil seeds, etc. It includes
agronomy, soil science, entomology, pathology,
microbiology, etc. The aim is to have better food
production and how to control the diseases.
 Horticulture - Branch of agriculture deals with
the production of flowers, fruits, vegetables, and
ornamental plants
Branches of Horticulture

1. Olericulture – cultivation of vegetables

2. Pomology – cultivation of fruits

3. Floriculture - cultivation of flowers

 Branches of Agriculture
 Forestry - It deals with production of large scale
cultivation of perennial trees for supplying wood,
timber, rubber, etc. and also raw materials for
industries.
 Animal Husbandry - The animals being produced,
maintained, The objective is to get maximum output by
feeding, rearing, etc. The arrangement of crops is done
to get minimum requirement of light or air.
 Fishery Science - It is for marine fish and inland fishes
including shrimps and prawns.
 Branches of Agriculture
 Agricultural Engineering - It is an important component
for crop production and horticulture particularly to
provide tools and implements. It is aiming to produce
modified tools to facilitate proper animal husbandry and
crop production tools, implements and machinery in
animal production.

 Home Science - Application and utilization of

agricultural produces in a better manner. When utilization
is enhanced production is also enhanced. e.g., a crop once
in use in south was found that it had many uses now.
Important Inventions
Their Classification
Based on their Life cycle = Scientifically, Life cycle is referred as
Ontogeny. ONTOGENY is the origination and development of an
organism.

Crops are divided into 3 types:

(a) Annual crops = Life span of crops are one season or one year. eg-
Rice, wheat and maize
(b) Biennial crops = Life span of crops are two season or two years. eg-
Beetroot and sugar beet.
(c) Perennial crops = Life span of crops are more than 2 years. eg-
coconuts.
BRIEF HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE
AGRICULTURE
The history of agriculture dates back thousands of
years, and its development has been driven and
defined by greatly different climates, cultures, and
technologies. Industrial agriculture based on large-
scale monoculture farming has become the dominant
agricultural methodology.
BRIEF HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE
AGRICULTURE
 The 1st inhabitants to live in the
Philippines were the PYGMIES called
"NEGRITOS" , "AETAS" OR "ITAS".

 They emanated from Central Asia and

depended on the nature's resources for their
foods in order to survive.
BRIEF HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE
AGRICULTURE
 Majority of the Population of the
countryside or rural areas. They obtain their
income and food through agriculture by
raising crops, livestock, fish, and forest
trees.
BRIEF HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE
AGRICULTURE
 The Philippines’ primary source of livelihood is its
fertile land. Rich, wide plains suitable for farming
are found in the Cagayan Valley, Central Luzon,
South western Bicol, Panay, Negros, Davao,
Cotabato, Agusan and Bukidnon.
Main Agricultural Crops
Secondary Agricultural Crops
Importance of Agriculture

 Agriculture provides food for humanity and serves

as backbone of the nation's economy
 Agriculture served as the foundation in the
development and progress of every country.
Importance of Agriculture

 Strengthening agricultural production of crops and

livestock in any country will promote food
sufficiency and well being of the people.
 Agriculture provides employment either in crops
and livestock productions thus improving the
family's standard of living and reducing poverty
level.
THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS!