Bipolar Analysis of the Impact of Computer Access and

Uses Factors on Students Performance across Countries

based on the 2011
TIMSS Mathematics Scores

Martin W. Baguio
Lyra C. Bitayo
Lady Vi B. Costas
Angeline M. Pogoy
College of Teacher Education
Cebu Normal University
Rationale
 Computer affects the whole society and its practices including the
educational systems (Project RED 2010,Fouts 2000, Halverson and
Smith , 2009, Toure , 2008, Frick 2008,Winthrop and Smith 2012).

 Developments in technology have left many changes on teaching

and learning environments and marked history of making new
approaches to educational (teaching- learning) attitudes application
( Karadağ, 2003).

 Computers are considered as a vital part of education (Fairlie and

Robinson, 2013).

 It has become a pervasive tool optimizing students’ learning (Traynor ,

2003).
Rationale
 Teachers must adopt different methods of pedagogy like drill method, using
different audio visual aids, computer aided instruction (CAI) and etc. (Ramani
& Patadia, 2012).

 There are various studies which show that computers have big impact in
teaching Mathematics (Patadia, 2012).

 The uncertainty of what is really the true impact of computer in education

specifically in instruction still reigns to this date for there were studies who
had findings which are opposing to one another.

 There were studies as cited by Hedges (2000) that were having results on the
relationship of computer use and academic achievement which indicated that
this technology (computer) can affect the student outcomes positively.

 There is no enough proof of considering that ICT use brought positive

impact to education and is open to much debate (Trucano, 2007).
 Objectives
Main Objective: Specific Objective:

o The study aims to o To compare the top and bottom

20 performing countries based
determine which of the on mathematics performance
ICT components affect of TIMSS 2011 in terms of
the academic computer access and uses.
performance of the o To determine the influence of
students across countries. computer access and use to the
mathematics mean score based
on TIMSS 2011
o To identify the variable/s that
affect/s most to the impact of
computer access and use on
student mathematics
performance.
Methodology Variables
Quantitative Computer Access Factor
Research • Forced •International Internet
Cluster Analysis Subscription
•Students who have Computer
• Sample t- test •International Mobile
Bipolar Subscription
Analysis •Regression
Analysis Computer Use Factor
Bottom 20 •Software Use- Basic
Performing Instruction
Countries TIMSS •Software Use- Supplement
2011 •Explore Concepts and
Principles
Top 20 •Look up Information
Performing ITU •Process and Analyze Data
Countries 2011 •Practice skills
Results 1. Exploration Analysis which
uses NO statistical procedure
Computer Access Factor
Computer Use Factor
Results 2. Taken Singly,
Internet
Subscription

Mobile Students having

Subscription Computers

CS- Basic
CS- Supplement Instruction
Student
Mathematics
Performance To Explore
To Practice Concepts and
Skills and Principles
Procedures

Look Up Process and

Information Analyze Data
Results 3.Taken jointly,
Conclusion
Technology is just a tool.
The ICT components mirror the quality
In terms
education of ingetting
offered the
a nation. The kids
computer
working
access and usetogether and
factors reflect the good
Mathematics instruction of a country and the
motivating
most them, the
important determinant of theteacher
students’
academic achievement is the owning or having
is the most important.
personal computer of the students with the use
for practicing skills and procedures.
~ Bill Gates