STREET LIGHT

SUBMITTED TO:- Arc

 Introduction
• Street lights are the raised source of light on the edge of a road or walkway,
which are switched ON in the evenings near the sunset time to provide the
lighting for the passer’s by. Major advantages of street lighting includes:
Prevention of accidents and increase in safety. Studies have shown that
darkness results in a large number of crashes and fatalities, especially those
involving pedestrians. Sometimes they are also use to provide security to keep
the nefarious activities at bay. They consume 20% of the total power and also it
will contain many hurdles in the maintenance such as switching on and off
daily at particular times, detection of over load and cost factor is also very high.
• Automation, Power consumption and Cost Effectiveness are the important
considerations in the present field of electronics and electrical related
technologies. To control and maintain complex street lighting system more
economically, various street light control systems are developed. These systems
are developed to control and reduce energy consumption of a town's public
lighting system using different technologies. They may include sending and
receiving instructions via separate data networks, at high frequency over the top
of the low voltage supply or wireless. Various protocols have been developed as
well as compatible hardware for most types of lighting.
What is Street Light?

• A street light, light pole, lamppost, street lamp, light standard or

lamp standard is a raised source of light on the edge of a road or
path. Similar lights may be found on a railway platform. When
urban electric power distribution became ubiquitous in developed
countries in the 20th century, lights for urban streets followed, or
sometimes led.
• Many lamps have light-sensitive photocells that activate the lamp
automatically when needed, at times when there is little to no
ambient light, such as at dusk, dawn, or at the onset of dark
weather conditions. This function in older lighting systems could
be performed with the aid of a solar dial. Many street light systems
are being connected underground instead of wiring from one
utility post to another. Street lights are an important source of
public security lighting intended to reduce crime
 Patterns Of Street Light
• Sidewalks • Building
Type I exteriors
• Narrow walkways Type IV • Perimeter of
Light • Narrow walkways Light parking areas
Distribution Distributio
n

• Wide paths
Type II • Side streets
Light • Alleys
Distribution • Large,
commercial
Type V parking areas
Light • Spaces that
• Roadways Distributio need uniformly
Type III • Lawns n distributed
Light • General parking light
Distribution areas
 Type I Light Distribution
Type I light distribution provides a wide, symmetrical light for fixtures
located in the middle of a walkway. The width of the pattern it creates is
about equal to the fixture’s height.
Type I fixtures are good for:

• Sidewalks
• Narrow walkways
• Border lighting
 Type II Light Distribution
Type II fixtures have a slightly wider distribution and are intended for
installations where the fixture is placed at the edge of the roadway. They light
an area up to 1.5 times wider than the mounting height of the fixture. For
example, if the fixture is 10 feet high, it will cast light up to 15 feet wide on the
area below.
Type II fixtures are best suited for:

•Wide paths
•Alleys
•Side streets
 Type III Light Distribution
Type III light distribution casts light about 2.75 times wider than the mounting
height of the fixture. Fixtures should be placed along the side of the area to be
lit, allowing the light to project outward. A fixture with Type III distribution
mounted to 10-feet pole will cast light about 27.5 feet in width from the light
source.
Type III fixtures are ideal for:

•Roadways
•General parking areas
•Lawns
 Type IV Light Distribution
Type IV light distribution fixtures are known as forward throw or asymmetric
fixtures. Like Type III fixtures, these light fixtures will cast light 2.75 times
wider than their height, but produces a more rounded distribution pattern that
pushes the light outward, will little light falling behind the fixture. They’re best
mounted on walls or used to illuminate specific areas.
Type IV fixtures work best on:

•Building exteriors
•Perimeter of parking areas
 Type V Light Distribution
Large spaces usually require Type V light fixtures. These fixtures distribute
light evenly around all sides of the fixture, usually in a square or circular
pattern.
Type V light fixtures do best on:

•Large, commercial parking

areas
•Spaces that need uniformly
distributed light
Pole Arrangement Schemes in Street
Lighting Design

Single Double
Sided Sided

Staggere
Central
d Sided
Verge
or Zigzag
Position
Pattern
 Single Sided
When the width (W) of the road is nearly equal to the pole height
(H), i.e. W = H then the poles are arranged in one side only.
Generally pole height is available of 10 meter.
The span between two poles is equal to the road width.
 Double Sided
When the width (W) of the road is nearly double the pole height
(H), i.e. W = 2H then the poles are arranged along both sides in
opposite to each other manner.
The span between two poles may not be equal to the road width.
 Staggered Sided or Zigzag Pattern

When the width (W) of the road is nearly 1.5 times of the pole
height (H), i.e. W = 1.5 H then the poles are arranged in both
sides in zigzag manner.
The span between two poles may not be equal to the road width.
 Central Verge Position
When the width (W) of the road is much greater than the pole height (H), i.e.
W>>H then the poles are arranged in the central verge of the road. The luminaires
are made to face towards both the road surfaces from the central verge.
The span between two poles may not equal to the road width.
 Ratio of Height and Arm of Street Light
• The height of the street lamp (the height of the street lamp pole) is generally 6 meters, 8 meters, 10 meters, 12 meters, 15
meters, etc. The specific use of the street light height depends on the width of the road surface. Generally, if the single
side light is on, the height of the street light is the same as the width of the road surface. Or the height of the street light is
less than 1 meter of the width of the road.
• The relationship between the common LED street lamp power and the pole height is generally: 30~60W street lamp height
is less than 6 meters, 60~100W street lamp height is below 8 meters, and 100~150W street lamp height is below 10 meters.
• Street lamp height (street light pole height) conventional street light poles are generally 4 meters, 4.5 meters, 5 meters, 5.5
meters, 6 meters, 6.5 meters, 7 meters, 7.5 meters, 8 meters, 8.5 meters, 9 meters, 9.5 meters, 10 Meter, 10.5 meters, 11
meters, 11.5 meters, 12 meters.
• The height of the garden light pole is generally 3 meters, 3.5 meters, 4 meters.
• The height of the high pole lights is generally 15 meters and above.
Factors related to street light poles’ heights
There are somethings you need to think about while deciding a pole height: the location requirements;
traffic density; the road width and the street lamp spacing.
• Installation of street lights must determine where the location is, for example, rural roads, county-level
roads, provincial-level roads, etc. The installation height is not the same. This is mainly related to the
width of the road. For example, a road that is 5 meters wide needs to be installed with a pole that is 5
meters high, and a pole that is 8 meters wide and requires a pole of 8 meters.
• The height of the lamp must be selected according to the density of the vehicle passing through the
road and the type of vehicle passing. For example, if you have a large car, you need to install a high-
end street light, and you can install low-level street lights almost without a large car. Install solar street
lights, the height must be determined according to the surrounding trees. The principle is that it must
be well lit, and if the trees are low, the pole height can exceed the trees.
• The specific use of the street lamp height depends on the road width. If the lamp is on one side, the height of the
street lamp is the same as the width of the road surface, or the height of the street lamp is less than 1 m. The
relationship between the common LED street lamp power and the pole height is generally: 30-60W street lamp
height is less than 6 meters, 60~100W street lamp height is below 9 meters, and 100-150W street lamp height is
below 12 meters. If the city main road is generally 4 lights side by side, the distance is about 30 meters. The city’s
secondary roads are 2 lights side by side, about 35-40 meters away.
• The specific use of the street lamp height also depend on the street lamp spacing. It is determined by various factors
such as the lighting power of the LED street light, the height of the street lamp, and the width of the road. There are
also villages that can buy a number of street lights according to the budget, and then calculate the spacing. In
theory, the distance between LED street lamps is generally 3.8-4 times the height of the poles, and the longitudinal
spacing of street lamps is generally 30 meters to 50 meters. When there are power poles or other poles, the distance
is 40 meters to 50 meters. Try to combine the power supply pole with the lighting pole to save investment. If the
underground cable is used for power supply, the spacing should be small, which is conducive to the uniformity of
illumination, and the spacing is usually 30 meters to 40 meters.
Other Details you should know about street
light poles
• The pole’s height :- The street light pole needs to be of
the correct height so as to provide the appropriate
lighting density. In most cases, street pole heights
range from 9 to 14 feet. Ideally, the street light pole
should provide sufficient light without there being an
excessive glare.
• Consistent intervals between lights:- Although they
help fight crime, street lights are meant to illuminate
the way for pedestrians, cyclists, and motorists.
However, if one area is well lit and the adjoining area
pitch black, it creates room for accidents as the eyes
take some time to adjust. Street lights need to be placed
at consistent intervals.
• Installation environment:- You will need to pay
attention to the area within which the street light poles
are installed. For instance, in a coastal region, the poles
are susceptible to corrosion from salt water. You
might, therefore, need poles with a special finish.
• Light distribution:- Although a street could be
well lit, there are factors such as trees or tall
buildings that could create dark spots. This
beats the objective of installing the street lights.
It is vital that you keep such features in mind
when designing how to place the street lights.

• Street light poles for aesthetics:- Most city

spaces today are defined by the quality of their
decorative fluted lighting and traffic poles. In
the recent past, we’ve seen the emergence of
decorative lighting poles that are used to
highlight aesthetic fixtures such as statues,
gardens, and fountains. This street lighting
concept has an exciting charm to it and can
aesthetically transform an otherwise dull city
space.

• Street light maintenance:-A standard LED

street light runs for about 10 to 12 hours a day,
and the bulb lasts approximately 50,000 hours.
As such, it’s vital to change bulbs as needed
for more efficient lighting. Also, the poles
used, need to be strong so that they can
support the fixture.
 SPOTLIGHT VS FLOODLIGHT COMPARISONS

SPOTLIGHT ​FLOODLIGHT

•Emits a more concentrated, narrow

beam angle
•Typically, smaller in size
•Suitable for indoor and outdoor use
•Emits a wider beam angle
•Comes in larger sizes
•Mostly used in outdoor settings
 SPOTLIGHT

• the spotlight is used for highlighting small areas in your landscape. These are areas
which you want to call attention to for maybe creating an ambience within the room,
for task lighting, mood lighting, or simply providing attractive illumination.
• Spotlights also work well to eliminate glare since they focus more on specific objects.
When placed strategically, they can make a space appear larger and create the illusion
of a wider room.
• It’s also easy to use bulbs with a spot beam in tracking lights for say, in your kitchen
where you want to focus on the sink or the stove. Or, you could do the same in the
study, highlighting your desk or other working surfaces.
• BEAM ANGLE:- Light produced from any bulb gets emitted as a “cone” that spreads
as it gets further from the light source. For a spotlight, which is narrower, this angle
does not go over 45 degrees. This concentrated beam is a stronger source of light and
becomes easier to point and control.
• STYLE AND DESIGN:- Spotlights come in various styles and designs to complement
every type of outdoor décor. There are classical designs that come in a brushed
chrome finish or others that feature wooden, brushed copper or brass detailing for a
more traditional or cottage setting. You can even get spotlights in a sleek metallic or
enamel finish to complement a more contemporary indoor setting.
 WHERE THE SPOT LIGHTS WERE USED…

Spotlights can be used in both indoor

and outdoor settings. For instance, you
will easily find spotlights in gardens,
above garage doors, on police and rescue
vehicles, on catwalks and inside theatres.
Theatres, in fact, is actually where the
spotlight took off as these were used to
throw light on specific actors on the
stage.

Other than in homes, these versatile

lights are widely used in museums and
art exhibitions for displaying objects.
Both residential and commercial settings
use spotlights for highlighting
landscaping features and creating visual
interest outdoors.
 FLOODLIGHT

• As the name suggests, floodlights “flood” the area with light. Depending on where
you plan on using these and how much area you want to illuminate, you can buy a
single floodlight or go with a couple more.
• For the most part, homes only need a single or maybe two floodlights for either
security or aesthetic purposes. Commercial and industrial floodlights, on the other
hand, not only provide security but also the assurance that employees can work
safely out of daylight hours.
• BEAM ANGLE:- Floodlights have a wider beam angle that can go up to 120 degrees
max. This allows you to see a wider area at a closer distance.
• If you are using more than one floodlight, then you need to consider their spacing.
For optimal spacing, key factors like height of installation, lumen output, and the
lighting ambience will matter. Height-wise, the higher the better, since this prevents
tampering when you’re using lights for security reasons. Also, floodlights can get
very hot and cause injuries.
• For larger areas, it’s considered ideal that the beam angle of different fixtures
overlap somewhat. Also known as cross-over lighting, this placement technique
helps balance light and cuts back on shadows. (Think nighttime baseball games, or
other sports played at night).
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• STYLE AND DESIGN

• Floodlights, like their spotlight
counterparts, also come in various
varieties. For instance, if you want to
install a floodlight at home as a security
measure, you can find these with motion
sensors and one big, powerful bulb.
• But if you want one for a commercial
location, you can opt for a model that
has multiple bulbs using hundreds of
watts in power and brightening up areas
larger than just the backyard. Once
again, you can get these with motion
sensors.
• Much bigger versions of commercial
floodlights are what are used to light up
stadiums and stage lighting. And some
even come as a floodlight camera combo
so you can monitor the property.
 WHERE THE FLOOD LIGHTS WERE USED…

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• Floodlights are ideal for
illuminating larger areas
like driveways, parking lots,
sports fields, stadiums,
construction sites,
warehouses and such. They
are also used on slow-
moving vehicles or others
that perform tasks at night
such as roadwork, street-
sweeping and harvesting.
• At home, you can use these
for entertaining outdoors
such as a nighttime
barbeque or other outdoor
event.
Manufacturing Company of Spot Light and
Flood Light

SOPT LIGHT FLOOD LIGHT

Company Name:- Kalpataru Company Name:- Shah
Industries, Vibrant Lights Electronics, Shakti Electrical
India, Jaquar & Company Industries, Aster Industries
Pvt. Ltd.

Rates:- Rs 280-1 Lac

Rates:- Rs 55-17,800 per
piece.