Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2019
Antiparasitics:
Ectoparasiticides, Endoparasiticides
and Anti-Protozoal Agents
Parasites live at the expense of their hosts
Symbiotes may be
Mutualists -living in mutual benefit with host
Or
Commensals-living without benefit or detriment to host
1. Quinapyramine compounds
2. Amicarbalide isethionate
3. Imidocarb dipropionate
4. Quinoronium sulfate
5. Trypan blue
6. Hydroxymethyl quinolones
SYSTEMIC ANTI-PROTOZOAL AGENTS used in fishes
Fumagillin
Fumagillin is an antibiotic produced by the parasitic fungus,
Aspergillus fumigatus, and acts by inhibiting RNA synthesis.
The regimen used was 0.1 g/kg fumagillin DCH in a diet fed at
1.5% for 3 weeks starting immediately after the infection
(3mg/kg/day)
Myxosoma cerebralis infection
It was found that even at this (relatively high) dose rate the
medication did not affect well-established infections, but it did
advance spermiation by 2 months. As had been found with
Enterocytozoon salmonis infection in chinook salmon at a much
lower dose rate, fumagillin was more parasitistatic then
parasiticidal.
Loma salmonae infection
This disease affects the gills of Pacific salmon in both fresh
and seawater.
The feed medication rate used was 1 g/kg fumagillin DCH, and
feeding was at 1% giving a dose rate of 10 mg/kg/day for 30
days
Pleistophora anguillarum infection
Kano et al. (1982) studied the use of fumagillin DCH in
Japanese eels artificially infected with P. anguillarum.
In the EU, DMZ has the anomalous legal status of being in Annex
IV (therapeutic use prohibited) of Regulation 2377/90 but
permitted for the prevention of histomoniasis when used as a
feed additive under Directive 70/524/EEC.
For the latter purpose it is available as a premix.
USE IN FISH
(a) Food-producing fish
The use of DMZ for the treatment of 'white spot' (Ichthyophthirius
multifiliis) infection or "lck") in rainbow trout was investigated by Rapp
(1995).
The rationale for the work was that in Germany malachite green is
banned for food-producing fish species, and the belief that immersion
in potassium permanganate was the only other possible treatment but
had serious target species safety problems.